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Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Fungi. Fungi Structure & Basics. Hyphae: thin strands of cells that make up the fungus body Hyphae spread into a larger mass (mycelium) Fruiting body: Above-ground reproductive structure Cell wall of chiton (common to animals) Heterotrophs: hyphae release enzymes to absorb nutrients

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Kingdom Fungi

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  1. Kingdom Fungi

  2. Fungi Structure & Basics • Hyphae: thin strands of cells that make up the fungus body • Hyphae spread into a larger mass (mycelium) • Fruiting body: Above-ground reproductive structure • Cell wall of chiton (common to animals) • Heterotrophs: hyphae release enzymes to absorb nutrients • Classification determined by sexual reproduction methods

  3. Asexual Sporangia produce spores Spores can grow into new hyphae when released Sexual Hyphae from 2 organisms fuse and form a diploid zygospore Zygospore grows new hyphae when released Zygote Fungi

  4. Haploid spores land Hyphae grow from each spore…a mat of mycelium accumulates . . Let’s zoom in…. ground

  5. Hyphae of Fungus 1 Hyphae of Fungus 2 Hyphae of fungi grow together Diploid zygospore is created New diploid hyphae grow from the zygospore

  6. Hyphae grow into a mat of mycelium….Sporangia grow from the mycelium Sporangia release spore . . . mycelium

  7. Spores land Hyphae grow into a mat of mycelium to restart the cycle . . ground

  8. Club Fungi • Basidia: club-like structure that produces sexual spores (located in gills underneath) • Hyphae of two individuals grow into mycelium • Fruiting body created • 2 nuclei fuse to create a zygote • Zygote undergoes meiosis to make spores

  9. Club Fungi

  10. Spores will land Fungus #1 mycelium grows underground….Fungus #2 mycelium grows underground Two fungi grow together and fuse . Diploid fruiting body grows from the mass . Haploid spores created & released from the underside of the fruiting body . . . . . ground

  11. Spores will land New hyphae will grow into a new mycelium Cycle repeats . . ground

  12. Sac Fungi • Ascus: sac that contain spores during sexual reproduction • Two hyphae grow together to create fruiting body • Spores released • Ex: Yeast, morels, truffles

  13. Spores will land Fungus #1 mycelium grows underground….Fungus #2 mycelium grows underground Two fungi grow together and fuse . Diploid fruiting body grows from the mass . Haploid spores created & released from the ascus ground

  14. Spores will land New hyphae will grow into a new mycelium Cycle repeats . . ground

  15. Spores will land Fungus #1 mycelium grows underground….Fungus #2 mycelium grows underground Two fungi grow together and fuse . Diploid fruiting body grows from the mass . Haploid spores created & released from the ascus ground

  16. Spores will land Fungus #1 mycelium grows underground….Fungus #2 mycelium grows underground Two fungi grow together and fuse . Diploid fruiting body grows from the mass . Haploid spores created & released from the ascus ground

  17. Lichens • Fungus + blue-green bacteria or green algae • Mycelium of fungi surrounds the green organism • Grow on rocks, soil, trees • Mutualistic relationship • Algae/bacteria: provides food • Fungus: benefits unclear (warmth, substrate to grow in) • Food source & help create soil

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