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Wolfgang Pauli

Wolfgang Pauli. A Biographical Presentation By Stephen Cole. Some Contributions. The Exclusion Principle The Neutrino Pauli Equation Spin Statistics Theorem. Pauli, Nobel Prize portrait.

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Wolfgang Pauli

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  1. Wolfgang Pauli A Biographical Presentation By Stephen Cole

  2. Some Contributions • The Exclusion Principle • The Neutrino • Pauli Equation • Spin Statistics Theorem Pauli, Nobel Prize portrait Image: "Wolfgang Pauli - Biography". Nobelprize.org. 5 May 2013 http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1945/pauli-bio.html

  3. Early Life • Born in 1900 in Austria • Mentored by Ernst Mach • “anti-metaphysical baptism” • University of Hamburg • Exceptional skill in mathematics Young Pauli Image: “Wolfgang Pauli young.” Fermilab. www.fnal.gov.

  4. The Exclusion Principle (1924) • Stern-Gerlach Experiment • Found an unexpected behavior of electrons • Particles split into upper and lower path Image: Knott, Theresa. “Stern-Gerlach Experiment.” Wikipedia Commons.

  5. The Exclusion Principle (1924) • All electrons have unique quantum number sets, so they cannot all fall to ground state • “Two-valuedness not describable classically” • Another quantum number, later called “spin” • Electrons could now be grouped into orbitals to explain their behavior • Led to Hund’s rule and the Aufbau principle, essential to chemistry

  6. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology • EidgenössischeTechnischeHochschule(ETH) in Zürich • Succeeded Peter Debye as professor of theoretical physics in 1928 The main building of ETH, 2006 Image: ZachT. “Main building of the Swiss Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH).” Wikipedia Commons. 2006.

  7. The Neutrino (1930) • Then-unexplained energy loss in beta decay threatened the rule of Conservation of Energy • Neils Bohr was ready to accept that atoms simply do not follow classical conservation laws • Pauli presented a new explanation

  8. The Neutrino (1930) • “Desperate Remedy” for energy conservation • Later named “neutrino” (little neutral one) by Enrico Fermi Image: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility - Office of Science Education. “Beta Decay.” Jefferson Lab. 4 May. 2013. http://education.jlab.org/glossary/betadecay.html.

  9. The Neutrino (1930) • Reines-Cowan Experiment (1953-1956) confirmed the existence of the neutrino Left: Frederick Reines, Right: Clyde Cowan Image: Kutner, Marc L; Pasachoff, Jay M. “Neutrinos for Interstellar Communication.” Cosmic Search Magazine. 1979. North American Astrophysical Laboratory. Web. 5 May 2013.

  10. Personal Life • Mother passed away in 1927 • Marriage in 1929 ended in divorce after a year • Pauli turned to psychoanalysis for therapy • Met Carl Gustav Jung in 1930

  11. Pauli and Jung • Pauli turned away from prevailing positivist philosophy in favor of Jung’s synchronicity • Therapy ended in 1934 with Pauli’s second marriage • Pauli and Jung kept a regular correspondence “Carl Gustav Jung.” borrasart. Web. 5 May 2013. http://www.borrasart.com/jungenglish.htm.

  12. Spin-Statistics Theorem (1940) • Result of Quantum Field Theory • Fermion: half-integer-spin particle • Follows the exclusion principle • Protons, neutrinos and beta particles are fermions • Boson: integer-spin particle • Does not obey the exclusion principle

  13. Mysterious “Pauli Effect” • Notoriously bad experimentalist • “This isn’t right, it’s not even wrong” • Famous criticism for pseudoscience

  14. The Late Pauli • Pauli escaped to New Jersey to avoid persecution by Nazi Germany, became an American citizen • 1945 Nobel Prize ceremony was held away from its regular location for Pauli • Returned to ETH in 1946 where he remained • Received Max Planck medal in 1958, passed away shortly afterwards

  15. Works Cited “Max-Planck-Medaille.” German Physical Society. 2013. Web. 5 May. 2013. “Pioneers in Magnetism and Electricity: Wolfgang Pauli.” Magnet Lab. 2013. Web. 4 May. 2013. “Wolfgang Pauli.” Encyclopedia Britannica. 2013. Web. 30 Apr. 2013.

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