Cell Structures, Functions and Transport

1. Cell Structures, Functions and Transport

2. ALWAYS REMEMBER!!! Pro = No! Eu = Do!

3. Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Ribosomes Nucleus Cell Membrane Mitochondria Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Bodies

4. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Cell Membrane • Nickname: “The Screen Door” • Function: • Hold and protect the cell • Control the movement of materials into and out of the cell

5. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Nucleus • Nickname: “The Control Center” • Function: Holds the DNA • Parts: • Nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps make ribosomes

6. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function • DNA • Nickname: “The Info” • Function • hereditary material that is passed on to you from your parents and is kept safe inside the Nucleus

7. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Cytoplasm • Nickname: “Jell-O” • Function: A watery, gel-like material in which cell parts move

8. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Vesicle • Nickname: “The Bag” • Function: • Small membrane-enclosed sack that can store or transport substances

9. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Ribosomes • Nickname: “The Factory” • Function: makes proteins • Made in Nucleolus • Found in all cells • NOT membrane bound • Smallest & most abundant organelle in the cell

10. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) • Nickname: “The Highway” • Function: The internal delivery system of the cell • There are 2 types: Rough & Smooth

11. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Golgi Bodies (Golgi Complex) • Nickname: “The Post Office” • Function: packages and transports materials to different location inside/outside of the cell • Appearance: stack of pancakes

12. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Lysosomes: circular shape but larger than ribosomes • Nickname: “The Trash Man” • Function: to break down food into particles the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells

13. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Mitochondria • Nickname: “The Powerhouse” • Function: Breaks down food molecules to release energy for the cells

14. Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Plant Cell Section 7-2 Vacuole Chloroplasts Cell Membrane Cell Wall Go to Section:

15. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function • Cell Wall • Nickname: “The Fence” • Function • Tough, rigid structure found outside of cell membrane that provide support for plants and fungi

16. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Chloroplasts • Nickname: “The Hulk” • Function: • traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell • Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment

17. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Vacuoles • Nickname: “The Water Tower” • Function: stores water & give support • This is what makes lettuce crisp • When there is no water, the plant wilts • They are also found in animal cells, but are smaller

18. Plant Cell Cytoplasm Smooth ER Vacuole Ribosomes Chloroplasts Cell Membrane Cell Wall Nucleolus Golgi Bodies Nucleus Mitochondria Rough ER

19. Prokaryotic Cells

20. Bacteria Cell

21. Only in Prokaryotic Cells Gelatin-Like Capsule: • Nick Name: “The Armor” • Function: outer covering protects the cell when it is eaten by other organisms • Allows Bacteria to survive and be dormant for many years until the conditions are right

22. Only in Prokaryotic Cells Flagellum: • Nickname: “The tail” • Function: • Helps the cell move • Used as a sensory organ