TV White Space and Applications Jeff Schmidt j.schmidt@spectrumbridge.com October 16, 2012 Oakland, California

1. TV White Space and ApplicationsJeff Schmidt j.schmidt@spectrumbridge.comOctober 16, 2012 Oakland, California CENIC Workshop Organized by the New America Foundation

2. Overview • Spectrum Bridge is a Spectrum Management company that develops technologies for enabling access to spectrum. • SpecEx – The secondary market place for spectrum, • UDIA - A spectrum sharing solution for 5GHz , • The world’s first certified TVWS solution • Actively involved in TVWS efforts around the world.

3. Projected Spectrum Deficit in the US • Enhanced Mobile Devices are Leading to a US Spectrum Deficit1 • Data more than doubled 4 years in a row • Smart phones generate 24X data of basic-feature cell phones • Tablets create 5X more traffic than smart phones • Huge WW Mobile Device Growth • Opportunity (2020) 1 • $4.5T Global Value • M2M Wave next • 50B devices • Zetta-bytes of Data… 1021 1 President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, May 2012

4. Unlicensed Spectrum is the fuel for innovation But its been a while… Ref: Report of the Unlicensed Devices and Experimental Licenses Working Group, Federal Communications Commission Spectrum Policy Task Force November 15, 2002

5. Why TVWS? • Real NLOS performance • Significantly increased range, 3x-5x • Better coverage– 10x reduction in Wi-Fi APs • Manage co-existence via database • More spectrum! 2.4 GHz coverage 600 MHz coverage

6. Evolution FCC grants rights to database providers FCC issues Third Memorandum to Final TVWS rules (12-36) FCC issues Second Memorandum to Final TVWS rules (10-174) • FCC issues Second Report & Order for TVWS bands (08-260) FCC publishes initial Notice on TV White Space (04-186) 2004 2009 2010 2011 2008 2012 • First online TV white space database • First TVWS solution subject to FCC trial • First experimental white space networks • First FCC certified database • First FCC certified TVBD Do not expect a sensing only radio to be certified • Second , Third… FCC certified TVBD

7. TVWS: How it Works • Relies on Geo-location database and spectrum allocation policies, • With established policies and a feedback mechanisms, spectrum allocation can be tightly controlled, • This concept is flexible and extensible to virtually any spectrum band - rules and policies can be modified and implemented in real-time.

8. Notable Trials and Deployments to Date

9. To Date: M2M –telemedicine, sensors, controls Smart Grid / Telemetry - smart meters and power grid monitoring Video Surveillance – public safety and traffic monitoring Broadband - last mile internet access in rural areas Enhanced Location Services - value added services and advertising at venues Planned: Femtocell- backhaul and offload for small cell deployments Content distribution - multicast video and data in big box stores and convention centers Avoided: High QoS (unlicensed/shared) TDMA (need clean channel) Narrowband (due to PSD limits) Mobility (requires higher TX power limits for personal portable devices) Unlicensed White Space Supports a Wide Range of Applications

10. Other Innovative Applications Already seeing innovation beyond the original concepts. Example: a low power DTV content distribution solution using COTS TV sets for localized content delivery. Think convention centers, sporting events, shopping malls White Space Data Base Content Registration And Channel Assignment OTA Content Delivery

11. A product of mixing MegaWatt and milliWatt transmitters in the same ecosystem. Need for co-existence is exacerbated by the nature of excellent VHF and UHF propagation. A data base provides the opportunity to mitigate the interference effects of TV services and other TVBDs. White Space or Gray Space ?

12. How Gray? Caution ! Diminishing returns with higher antenna sites

13. A Spectrum Bridge Solution

14. Non-Exclusive Use • Current TVWS rules define unlicensed = non-exclusive, i.e. shared use, • WiFi in the ISM band is a working model, except in cases overcome by the “Tragedy of the Commons,” • As a result, there is no guarantee of performance, • A concern for Service Providers and business critical applications. • However, the existence of a database enables the opportunity to manage co-existence.

15. Facilitating Co-Existence and Sharing • Geo-location Database Serves as “Air Traffic Controllers” • Network Operators are not picky about how this is accomplished • Automatic notifications when: • Potential interference or channel conflict occurs or might occur • Future use of spectrum is at risk • Feedback of channel selection and sensing data facilitates best results • Results in active and passive resolution of interference “Stand-offs” • Active view of existing usage

16. How Much is Available? Fixed Device (4W) Channel Availability Low Power Device Channel Availability California Channel Availability = 13.2 MHz California Channel Availability = 30.5 MHz

17. TV Band Incentive Auctions • Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 provides for TV incentive auction… “Television white spaces will continue to be available for unlicensed use in the repacked television band.”, (Ref: FCC NPRM In the Matter of Expanding the Economic and Innovation Opportunities of Spectrum Through Incentive Auctions) • Incentive auctions would share auction proceeds with the current occupant to motivate voluntary relocation of incumbents. • Broadcaster participation in incentive auction is voluntary. • In exchange for a share of auction proceeds a broadcaster could: • Contribute one or more 6 MHz channels • Choose to move from UHF to VHF • Share spectrum with another broadcaster….multiplex • Or choose not to participate! As a consequence, more TVWS spectrum could become available in urban areas

18. Companies (publicly) Active in White Space Certified TVWS Radios • Certified Database Providers Radios in Certification Database Candidates Radio Companies Announced

19. Thank You www.spectrumbridge.com Conclusion