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Chapter 23.3

Chapter 23.3. Napoleon Forges an Empire. Napoleon Bonaparte. Born in 1769 in Corsica. 1796: the Directory appoints him to lead the French army against Austria and the kingdom of Sardinia. 1799: Napoleon and his wife lead a coup d'état to seize control of the French government.

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Chapter 23.3

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  1. Chapter 23.3 Napoleon Forges an Empire

  2. Napoleon Bonaparte • Born in 1769 in Corsica. • 1796: the Directory appoints him to lead the French army against Austria and the kingdom of Sardinia. • 1799: Napoleon and his wife lead a coup d'étatto seize control of the French government. • He took the office of 1st consul

  3. 1800’s Napoleon held a plebiscite (vote of the people) to approve the new constitution. • The new constitution gave almost total power to the office of 1st consul. • Napoleon kept many of the changes of the Revolution but still wanted to strengthen the central government.

  4. Napoleon wanted a stable economy. • Set up efficient tax collecting system and established a National Bank. • This provided a steady supply of money and promoted good financial management and better control of the economy. • Wanted to reduce government corruption. • Napoleon fired corrupt officials. • Set up Lycées(government run public schools)

  5. Napoleon wanted to restore the role of the Church in France. • Signed a concordat (agreement) with Pope Pius VII. • Once the concordat was signed Napoleon gained the support of the organized Church as well as the French people.

  6. Napoleonic Code: • Comprehensive system of laws. • Limited liberty and promoted order and authority over individual rights.

  7. 1804: Napoleon crowned emperor. • Gave the people a vote between consul for life and Emperor. • December 2, 1804: Napoleon crowned himself Emperor. • This made the statement that he was more powerful than the Church.

  8. New World Territories: • 1789: ideas of Revolution reach Saint Domingue (Haiti) • Slaves begin to rebel • Napoleon sent 23,000 soldiers to take control of the island. • Thousands die of yellow fever • Napoleon decides to cut his losses and sold the Louisiana territory. • Gained money to finance his European operations and punished his British enemies.

  9. The Battle of Trafalgar: • 1805 off the southern coast of Spain. • Showed how superior the British Navy was and assured their supremacy for the next 100 years. • Forced Napoleon to give up his plans for invading Britain. • Eventually Napoleon’s inability to give up trying to crush Britain led to his undoing.

  10. By 1812 the only European countries free from French control were Britain, the Ottoman Empire, Portugal and Sweden. • Napoleon could only maintain the French empire at its largest for 5 years. (1807-1812) • Sudden collapse partly due to Napoleon himself.

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