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Phonetics Continued

Phonetics Continued. Articulation and Description of English Vowels. Properties of Vowels. Most sonorant (audible) sounds Sound is caused by vocal fold vibration Usually function as syllable nuclei Almost always voiced

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Phonetics Continued

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  1. Phonetics Continued Articulation and Description of English Vowels

  2. Properties of Vowels • Most sonorant (audible) sounds • Sound is caused by vocal fold vibration • Usually function as syllable nuclei • Almost always voiced • Vowel sounds change according to SHAPE of vocal tract, no obstructions in vowels

  3. How Many Vowels in English? • Teacher said 5 and sometimes y • We say 11 and 3 diphthongs • 1/2 of languages have 5, some have 3

  4. Parameters • Review: consonant parameters: • Voicing. • Place of articulation. • Manner of articulation. • Vowel articulation is described using FOUR parameters.

  5. Four Parameters of Vowels • Tongue HEIGHT • High / mid / low • Tongue BACKNESS • Front / central / back • Lip ROUNDING • Round / unround • Tenseness • Tense / lax

  6. front central back i u high  I Round e o  mid  E  a low Lax Tense Vowels of English 

  7. Tongue Height • Put your hand under your chin and say seat, set, sat • High: leak, lick, Luke, look • [I], [I], [u], [U] • Mid: bait, bet, but, bought, boat • [eI], [E], [], [], [o] • Low: cat, con • [Q], [a]

  8. Tongue Advancement • Front: seek, sick, sake, sec, sack • [I], [I], [eI], [E], [Q] • Central: luck • [] • Back: ooze, look, road, law, dot • [U], [U], [o], [], [a]

  9. Lip Rounding • In English, only the high and mid back vowels are produced with lip rounding • Round vowels: [u], [U], [o], [] • Unround vowels: all the other vowels

  10. Tenseness • Tense vowels • The tongue is at an extreme height or backness • Lax vowels • The tongue is not at an extreme position • Compare Pete and pit

  11. Diphthongs • A diphthong is a complex vowel where the tongue begins in one place and moves to another (a two part vowel sound) • The vowel diphthongs: • [Ai]: bite • [AU]: bout • [oI]: boy • [eI]: stay ([e] is not a ‘true’ English vowel sound) • (Also: [o]: go, though we may write this with one symbol)

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