Our Little Secret

1. Our Little Secret All The Things You Don’t Talk About With Your Friends

2. Sexual Health Education Intern AmandaWoolard: Sexual Health Education Coordinator Health Education Resource Center (HERC)

3. About the HERC • Who are they? • Health Educators • What do they do? • All year! • Why are they here? • Improve overall health and quality of EIU community • Where are they? • 3rd floor of the Student Service Building (red brick building) • What do they offer? • Alcohol Safety and Tobacco Cessation Assistance • Nutrition and Nutrition Analysis • Sexual Health • Stress Management • And many more! • Contact us! • (217) 581-7786 • herc@eiu.edu

4. Ask Questions!

5. Love Your Boobs Is there such thing as a normal breast?

6. What is a normal breast? • No breast is typical • Most women say their breasts are lumpy or uneven • It’s a fact: everyone’s breasts are different sizes! So what are breasts made of? • There are 3 main parts of a breast • Glands • Ducts • Connective tissue

7. Breasts look and feel different as you age. They may also be swollen and tender right before your period. By now you should know how your breasts look and feel. Knowing this makes it easier for you to tell if something is wrong.

8. Self-ExamsIn the Shower: it’s not just for bubbles and suds • One hand up, check for lumps or thickening with opposite hand. • Use pads of 3 middle fingers, apply 3 levels of pressure (light, medium, and firm). • Use circular motions to feel breast tissue. • Repeat on opposite side. • Look in the mirror for changes in shape, size, or skin texture. • Check nipples for changes.

9. Laying Down Place one hand behind head. Use same technique as in the shower. Check for lumps, knots, or thickenings. Repeat on opposite side. In The Mirror Hands on hips. Check for changes in size, shape, or texture. Check nipples for any changes.

10. Are You at Risk? Gender Men can develop breast cancer, it is more common in women. Age Risk of developing breast cancer increases as you get older. Genetics Your risk doubles if your mother, sister, or other family member has breast cancer. Mammograms are not recommended until you are 35

11. Build Better Bones What do your bones need?

12. Maximum bone density storage peaks in your mid 20’s Calcium Found in: Dairy products, dark green leafy vegetables, calcium fortified products, and almonds 1000 mg per day *You can only absorb 450-500 mg at one time* Physical Activity Weight-bearing physical activity: Muscles and bones work against gravity

13. Other important nutrients Vitamin D • Important for absorption of calcium • Where can you get it? 10 minutes a day in the sun. Fortified products Fish Fish liver oils Folic Acid • Child bearing age to prevent neural tube defects (Spina Bifida) • Where can you get it? Dark leafy veggies Enriched and fortified whole grain breads Fortified cereals

14. Iron • Need more during menstrual cycles, menopause, and pregnancy • Where can you get it? • Fortified cereals • Beans and lentils • Beef • Eggs Getting these nutrients from a food source is better than getting them from a supplement

15. Care For Your Kooka Some things every owner should know

16. Why do you need to know anything about your vagina? • It is a part of your body, you should know it just as well as everything else • Keep it clean and healthy • Know when something is wrong

17. Know your anatomy • Get up close and personal with your vagina • You don’t need to douche, use feminine hygiene products, or flavored lube • Vaginal discharge is normal • Look out for signs of infections • There is good bacteria in your vagina

18. Know when to see your doctor • Don’t use over-the-counter creams for vaginal itching • Grooming is up to you • Thongs don’t cause yeast infections • You should be able to track and predict your period • Use condoms

19. You can get pregnant on the pill • Sex shouldn’t be painful • Find a healthcare provider you can trust

20. Common Conditions Yeast Infection And Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) • Not Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) • Easily treated with antibiotics • 75% of women have had a yeast infection at some time in their life • Nearly 20% of women who have had one UTI will have another one

21. Yeast Infection Very common, they may bother you, but usually not serious Causes • Bacteria imbalance • Antibiotic use • Weakened immune system • Scratches in vagina • Underwear that is tight or not cotton • Hormonal changes • Ovulation • Menopause • Pregnancy • Birth control pills Symptoms • Irritated vagina and vaginal area • Vaginal discharge • White or grey and thick, consistency of cottage cheese • Vaginal itching • Painful urination or burning • Painful sex Treatment • Antibiotics

22. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Causes • Sex (but NOT an STI) • E.Coli- normally live in bowel, bacteria can move to the anus to the opening of the urethra Treatment • Antibiotics • Cranberry juice • Drink plenty of water • Avoid drinks that will irritate your bladder • Coffee • Alcohol • Soft drinks with citrus or caffeine Symptoms • Strong, persistent urge to urinate • Burning during urination • Small amounts of urine • Urine appears cloudy • Appears bright pink or brown • Strong-smelling urine • Pelvic pain

23. PMSIs Nobody’s Friend What causes PMS? • Hormone changes • Runs in the family • Not getting enough vitamin B, calcium, or magnesium can increase your chances of getting PMS • High stress, lack of exercise, and too much caffeine can make symptoms worse

24. What are the Symptoms? Physical • Acne • Bloating and tender breasts • Food cravings • Lack of energy • Cramps • Headaches • Lower back pain Emotional • Tension or anxiety • Depression • Crying spells • Mood swings and irritability or anger • Trouble falling asleep • Social withdrawal • Poor concentration

25. How is PMS Treated? Eat healthy foods Get plenty of exercise Cut back on caffeine, alcohol, chocolate, and salt For pain try aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin) or other anit-inflammatory meds

26. Sexual Health

27. Sexually Transmitted Infections BacterialViralParasitic Chlamydia HIV/AIDS Trichomoniasis Gonorrhea Genital Herpes Syphilis Genital Warts Can you identify them?

28. Chlamydia How do I know if I have Chlamydia? • NO SYMPTOMS AT ALL • Abnormal discharge- may have an odor • Bleeding between periods • Stomach pain without fever • Pain when having sex • Itching or burning around vagina • Pain when urinating How is it diagnosed? • Doctor will take a swab of the cervix • May also take a urine sample How is it treated? • Antibiotics • Finish all antibiotics even if you feel better • Retest to make sure it is gone • Do not have sex until you’re sure you and your partner don’t have the infection

29. Gonorrhea “The Clap” What causes it? • Bacteria grow in moist areas or the reproductive tract • It can also grow in the mouth, throat, and anus How common is it? • Largest number of reported cases in 2008 was among girls ages 15-19 How is it treated? • Oral or injectable antibiotics • Take all of your antibiotics • Don’t have sex until you have taken all of your medication How do I know if I have it? • NO SYMPTOMS AT ALL • Greenish or yellowish discharge from vagina • Burning during urination • Stomach or pelvic pain • Conjunctivitis (red, itchy eyes) • Bleeding between periods • Spotting after sex • Swelling of the vulva • Burning of the throat • Swollen glands

30. What Happens if Chlamydia and Gonorrhea is Not Treated? • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease • Infertility • Increase risk of ectopic pregnancy

31. HPV What is HPV? • Human Papillomavirus is the most common STI • There are more than 40 types • Can also infect the mouth and throat • Can infect women and men How do you get HPV? • Through genital contact • During vaginal, anal, or oral sex Signs and Symptoms • Most people show no symptoms • 90% of cases it clears up on its own after 2 years • Certain types can cause genital warts • Other types can cause cervical cancer

32. How Can You Prevent HPV? • Cervarix and Gardasil • Gardasil also protects against most genital warts • Given in three doses • Most effective when given before first sexual contact • Use condoms • Being in a faithful relationship with one partner. • Limit number of sex partners • Talk to your partner

33. Birth ControlWhat’s Right for You? The Pill • Only prevents pregnancy • Regulates menstruation if taken properly • Prevents ovulation (release of egg) • Does not prevent against STIs Diaphragm • Rubber or silicone cap that blocks sperm • Must be fitted by a doctor • Held in place by vaginal muscles • Must use with spermicide

34. The Shot • Shot received every 3 months from health care provider • Contains progestin hormone that prevents the egg from being released • Thickens mucous in cervix to help block sperm • Does not protect against STIs Vaginal Ring • Inserted monthly • Releases hormones to suppress ovulation • Does not protect against STIs Ortho Evra Patch • Apply patch once a week for 3 weeks • Remove 4th week to allow menstruation • Patch releases hormones to suppress ovulation • Can be used during most activities (i.e. showering)

35. Abstinence • No sexual contact • 100% effective • No chance of STI or pregnancy Emergency Contraception • Must be used within 72 hours of failed birth control • Should NOT be used as primary birth control • Can cause painful side effects Female Condom • Inserted into the vagina prior to sexual contact • Some find it difficult to get in place • Good alternative to male condom

36. Method Match See what birth control method is right for you! • www.eiu.edu/herc • Sexual Health • Birth control • Method Match

37. For More Information • Health Education Resource Center • 3rd floor Student Service Building • herc-sexed@eiu.edu • EIU Health Service • Pap Smear and STI testing - $45 • STI test only- $30 • Coles County Health Department • Located on 18th St. • Based on income • Planned Parenthood • Champaign or Effingham

38. Don’t forget to turn in your questions! Thank you!