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Understanding Ionic and Covalent Bonds in Chemistry

Explore the fundamental concepts of bonding in chemistry, including ionic and covalent bonds. Learn how to draw bonds, determine oxidation numbers, and identify bonding sites. Discover the key principles that govern atom happiness and exceptions in bond formations, such as hydrogen and boron. Gain insights into counting electrons and forming shared or unshared pairs to create stable molecular structures.

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Understanding Ionic and Covalent Bonds in Chemistry

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  1. Another Look at Bonding

  2. Ionic Bonds • Drawing the bond • Mg and Cl Write the Oxidation numbers Mg+2 and Cl-1 Mg+2 Cl-1

  3. Covalent Bonds • Bonding Sites Cl and F Unshared Pairs F Cl

  4. Covalent Bonds • Bonding Sites Bonding Site (Find lonely Electron) F Cl Shared Pair

  5. Another way to look at Covalent Bonds • What makes the atom happy……8 val e- • Exceptions • Hydrogen (2) and Boron (6) Valence Electrons 8 + 8 = 16 6 + 6 = 12 O and S

  6. Another way to look at Covalent Bonds • Subtract to find the number of electrons that will be alone Divide by two to determine the number of bonds (2 electrons per bond…) 8 + 8 = 16 6 + 6 = - 12 O and S = 2 bonds 4 ÷ 2

  7. Final Product of O and S 2 bonds S O Lone Pairs or Unshared Pairs 8 valence e-

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