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American Federal Government

American Federal Government. Constitution. Constitution. Article 1: CONGRESS Section 1 - all legislative powers to Congress Section 2 - Choosing of Representatives elections every two years minimum age: 25 apportionment: every 10 years 3/5 compromise House chooses speaker

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American Federal Government

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  1. AmericanFederalGovernment Constitution

  2. Constitution • Article 1: CONGRESS • Section 1 - all legislative powers to Congress • Section 2 - Choosing of Representatives • elections every two years • minimum age: 25 • apportionment: every 10 years • 3/5 compromise • House chooses speaker • House has sole power of impeachment

  3. Constitution • Article I • Section 3: Senate • six year terms • three “classes”: 1/3 of Senate elected every 2 years • minimum age: 30 • Vice-President is President of the Senate • Votes only in tiebreak situations • Tries impeachments • Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides over impeachments

  4. Constitution • Article 1 • Section 4: elections to Congress • State Legislatures decide • Congress to meet at least once annually • Section 5 • majority necessary for a quorum • may expel members with 2/3 vote • votes recorded if 1/5 of members request • while in session, cannot adjourn for more than 3 days without consent of other chamber

  5. Constitution • Article 1 • Section 6: compensation • Prohibition against holding concurrent offices • Section 7 • Tax bills must begin in House • All bills must pass House, Senate, and president must sign • Veto power for president • Congress may override with 2/3 of both chambers

  6. Constitution • Article 1 • Section 8: Congressional powers • taxation • borrow money • regulate interstate commerce • coin money • establish Post office • establish courts • declare war • provide and maintain a navy • necessary and proper (elastic) clause

  7. Constitution • Article 1 • Section 9: Restrictions on Congress • Writ of habeus corpus shall not be suspended except under emergency situations • No bills of attainder or ex post facto laws • No taxes on goods exchanged between states • No funds appropriated without a law • No titles of nobility to be granted

  8. Constitution • Article II: PRESIDENCY • Section 1 • executive power • selection of electors to electoral college • # of Representatives + 2 • minimum age: 35 years • natural-born citizen • succession to Vice-President in case of death, disability • compensation

  9. Constitution • Article II • Section 2 • President as commander in chief • Power to make treaties with Senate approval • Appoint ambassadors, cabinet, judges • Section 3 • State of the Union - “from time to time” • recommend measures to Congress • convene Congress into special session • receive ambassadors • Section 4 • Impeachment: treason, bribery, other high crimes and misdemeanors

  10. Constitution • Article III: COURTS • Section 1 • Supreme Court, life appointment • Section 2: • jurisdiction: cases between states, federal government and states, foreign states • jury trials • Section 3 • treason requires at least 2 witnesses • only person found guilty may be held responsible

  11. Constitution • Article IV: FULL FAITH & CREDIT • Section 1 • State recognition of other states’ acts, laws, records • Section 2 • privileges and immunities • Section 3 • Admitting new states into Union: Congress • Section 4 • each state entitled to a republican form of government

  12. Constitution • Article V: AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION • two-thirds of both chambers of Congress, three-fourths of state-legislatures ratify • two-thirds of states call for a convention, three-fourths ratify

  13. Constitution • Bill of Rights • First 10 Amendments • Amendment 1 (1791) • no laws respecting establishment of religion; free exercise; freedom of speech, press; peaceful assembly; petitioning government • Amendment 2 (1791) • keep and bear arms • Amendment 3 (1791) • quartering of soldiers

  14. Constitution • Bill of Rights • Amendment 4 (1791) • unreasonable searches and seizures • Amendment 5 (1791) • self incrimination, double-jeopardy; due process of law; capital crimes & grand jury; “takings” • Amendment 6 (1791) • speedy trial; jury of peers; right to confront accuser; assistance of counsel

  15. Constitution • Bill of Rights • Amendment 7 (1791) • jury trial • Amendment 8 (1791) • excessive bail; cruel and unusual punishment • Amendment 9 (1791) • rights in constitution do not deny rights of others • Amendment 10 (1791) • powers not delegated by the Constitution are retained by the states or the people

  16. Constitution • Other Amendments • Amendment 12 (1804) • selection of president and vice president • Amendment 13 (1865) • abolition of slavery • Amendment 14 (1865) • citizenship; no state can deprive of life, liberty, property without due process of law • Amendment 15 (1870) • voting rights of citizens regardless of race, color

  17. Constitution • Other Amendments • Amendment 16 (1913) • income tax • Amendment 17 (1913) • direct election of Senators • Amendment 18 (1919) • prohibition of liquor (later repealed) • Amendment 19 (1920) • women’s right to vote

  18. Constitution • Other Amendments • Amendment 20 (1933) • Terms of President/Vice President start on January 20 • Presidential succession; provision for congressional statute • Amendment 21 (1933) • repeal of Amendment 18 (prohibition) • Amendment 22 (1951) • president can only serve two terms

  19. Constitution • Other Amendments • Amendment 23 (1961) • District of Columbia/electoral college representation • Amendment 24 (1964) • elimination of poll tax • Amendment 25 (1967) • presidential disability • Amendment 26 (1971) • voting for 18 year-olds • Amendment 27 (1992) • compensation for members of Congress/pay raises

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