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Health Information Literacy Manual Presentation

Health Information Literacy Manual Presentation. Module 2 Searching Tools. Overview. OPAC Search engines Search directories Subject gateways Databases Digital archives Institutional repositories. Introduction.

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Health Information Literacy Manual Presentation

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  1. Health Information Literacy Manual Presentation Module 2 Searching Tools

  2. Overview • OPAC • Search engines • Search directories • Subject gateways • Databases • Digital archives • Institutional repositories

  3. Introduction • There are various searching toolsavailable to healthprofessionals in bothprint and electronic formats. Theseincludeamongothers, Online Public Access Catalogues, indexes, searchengines, gateways, databases, portals, subscribedjournals, free electronicjournals and institutionalrepositories (IRs).One of the mostuseddatabase in medicine and alliedhealthis MEDLINE throughPubMed. A briefoverview of how thesetoolsaid information retrievalispresented. This module provides content, examples and practicalexercises for identified searching tools • The advent of Internet and specialized medical databases has ushered a new generation of desktop searching tools that allows users to quickly find information across various sources (identified earlier in module 1)

  4. Learning Outcomes • At the end of this module, one shouldbe able to:- • Definewhat a searching toolis. • List searching toolsavailable for medicine and alliedprofessionals, both in print and electronic. • Definesearchengine (and their types) and be able to use selectedhealthorientedsearchengines. • Identify and locatedifferenthealthdatabases. • Search MEDLINE/PubMeddatabase • Identify and use free healthjournalsavailable over the Internet. • Identifyvarious searching tools use in the digital environment

  5. Teaching Methods for Module 2 • The delivery of sessions will be a Lecture mode -explain the resources (presentation), followed by a question and answer session • Exercises are placed after each resource which the students need to practice in Lab .

  6. Online Public Access Catalogue • In a traditionalmedicallibrarysomeyearsagostudentswerepossiblyattracted to the card catalogue whichwas a cabinet of book cardsthatwere file throughaccording to authors, subject and title. • The introduction of computers and networking technologies have enabledlibraries to computerisetheir catalogues and manylibrary catalogues are available online via the Internet. • The Online Public Access Catalogue isnow a single gateway to all of the library’s collection where one canaccessbibilographicreference of printed books, ebook collections , retrieve full textelectronicjournals, and also in most cases links one to otherrelated collections

  7. Indexes and Abstracting Journals • In most libraries and Journal databases ,journals are grouped by journal title and subject coverage of the Journal. Many users have a challenge of retrieving specific articles a area of interest.Indexes and abstracting services are available as a tool to retrieve articles in Journals. • A popular index for health sciences is the MEDLINE from the US National Library of Medicine. There are manyother abstract services available, and otherexamplesCABI Health, Google Scholar and Current Content. Current Content, for exampleis an awareness service or databasethatprovidesaccess to abstracts, table of contents and bibliographic information .It abstracts articles in issues of leadingscholarlyjournals, as well as more than 7000 relevant websites.

  8. Search Engines • A searchengineis a program thatsearches documents for specified keywords and returns a list of documents where the keywords werefound. On the World Wide Web, the searchengineutilizesautomated robots to gather information and automatically index sites. Anywordsfound on the web pages visited by the searchengine are stored in the searchenginedatabase. Whenyousearch the web for a topic, the keywords are matched to the information found on the web pages visited by the searchengine. There many types of searchenginesavailable over the world wide web, however, below are some of the keyfeatures of searchengines:- • Allownaturallanguagequeries (i.ewhatis H1N1?) • Use of parenthesis to group terms • Use of proximity searching • Relevancyranking of results. • Number of searchtermsretrieved • Number of times eachsearchtermoccurs

  9. Popularlyknownsearchengines • Google (www.google.com) • Altavista (www.altavista.com) • Lycos(www.lycos.com) • Excite(www.excite.com) • Fastsearch (www.alltheweb.com) • Exalead (www.exalead.com) • Hotbot(www.hotbot.com) • InfoSeek Guide (www.inforseek.com)

  10. Types of Search Engines • Free text search engines-thesecover the web in an unstructuredway. One has to beveryspecific in theirquerybecause of theirwidecoverage. Examples are Google and AltaVista. • Web directories-These are manuallycreated by people that do a lot of surfing on the Internet. Theybrowse the Internet, evaluatewebsites for contents thatmeettheircriteria and add the web link to the directory. It is in the samewaythat a telephone directory iscompiled. Yahoo is an example of a web directory

  11. cnt • Meta searchengines-These are searchenginesthatoffersimultaneouscoverage of the major searchengine on the world wide web by submitting the samequery to eachother, for exampledogpilewww.dogpile.com • There are advantages and disadvantages of using a specific search engine. For example, some search engines have poor ranking of results.

  12. Search engines designed for Health Sciences • Omni MedicalSearch -Omni MedicalSearchbrings back searchresultsfrom 30 different sources, and one cansearch up to 12 differentmedicalsearchenginesat one time • Entrez-This searchengineallowsusers to searchmultidisciplinaryhealth sciences databasesat the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website • GoPubMed -The Gene Ontology (GO) and the MedicalSubjectHeadings (MesH) serves as the “The Table of Contents” in order to structure the millions in the MedLinedatabase. • WebMD - is a one stop medical information site. WebMD has a lot of interesting interactive calculators, quizzes, and other fun stuffthathelpsyouunderstandmedical information easier • Otherexamples, • Healia • Searchmedia • Nextbio (Life sciences searchengine)

  13. Gateways • Gateways are defined as a node or network that serves as an entrance to another network; gatewaysorganize information in a structuredwayoften in subjectcategories. For health-related information, there are manyusefulgatewaysincluding the WHO A-Z healthtopicslist (http://www.who.int/topics/en/)

  14. Common Features of Gateways • Qualitycontrolled catalogues of online resources • Subjectbased entrances to qualityassessed internet resources • Classifiedsubject keywords • You canbrowse by subject or search by keyword • Information gateways are doing online for resources; whatlibrarians do for books • They are built by humans

  15. Examples of Gateways in Health Sciences • MedlinePlus(http://medlineplus.gov) • Medscape (www.medscape.com) • Global Health Library (www.globalhealthlibrary.net) • Internet Health Sites (www.library.mun.ca/) • AddictionSearch ( www.addictionsearch.com) • ADIN –Australian Drug Information system-(www.adin.com/au )

  16. Databases • A databaseis a collection of information organized in such a waythat a computer program canquickly select desiredpieces of data. It is an electronicfiling system. Traditionaldatabases are organized by fields, records and files. A fieldis a single piece of information; a record is one complete set of fields; and a file is a collection of records • Types of Databases- BibliographicDatabases, Full-TextDatabases , NumericDatabases , HybridDatabases

  17. Portals • A widely known example of a portal is the HINARI , from the World Health Organisation. • HINARI – Health Internet Access to Research Initiatives. • Launched in January 2002 by the World HealthOrganization and six major publishers, HINARI Access to Research Initiative enablesdeveloping countries to gain access to one of the world'slargest collections of biomedical and healthliterature. Free or verylowcost online accessisprovided to manythousands of healthworkers and researcherstherebycontributing to improved world health. Sinceitslaunch, the number of participatingpublishers and of journals and other full-textresources has growncontinuously

  18. Inside HINARI site

  19. Tool 7: Free Electronic Journals • Overview of Open access medical Journals • freemedicaljournals.com, • BioMedCentral, • PubMedCentral • Highwire Press

  20. Tool 8: Institutional Repositories • Brief Introduction • Overview of UZ IR Portal

  21. Evaluation • Standard questions the module • Draft exercises • Practical Exercises

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