Name the Seven Dwarves

Objectives: To develop an understanding of Memory Take out a piece of paper Name the Seven Dwarves

Seven Dwarves Sleepy, Dopey, Grumpy, Sneezy, Happy, Doc and Bashful

Difficulty of Task • Was the exercise easy or difficult. It depends on what factors? • Whether you like Disney movies • how long ago you watched the movie • how loud the people are around you when you are trying to remember

Objectives: To develop an understanding of memory. • Agenda: Lecture • Homework: Read pgs. • Work on Vocab & Objective Questions

As you might have guessed, the next topic we are going to examine is……. Memory The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information. The process by which we recollect prior experiences and information skills learned in the past. So what was the point of the seven dwarves exercise?

Memory • Take a minute to write down a description of what you can remember about the first time you rode your bicycle by yourself. What can you remember? What kind of day was it? Where were you? Who helped you? What were you wearing? What color was your bike? Do you remember if there were cars around you? Who was there? What shoes were you riding? Do you remember any scents? What season was it? Day of week? How old were you?

Memory • There are different kinds of memory, different processes and different stages. • Episodic memory: a memory of a specific event. The event either took place in your presence or you experienced the event- such as your bike ride. Or what you ate for breakfast.

Flashbulb Memory A clear moment of an emotionally significant moment or event. Where were you when? 1. You heard about 9/11 2. You heard about the death of a family member 3. During the election of our new president

Flashbulb Memory • Orrrrr….. The first time you met your first love.. Aaaahhhhhhhh! • They are etched in our memories for several reasons: • 1. The distinctness • 2. They have special meaning to us • 3. We think of them often

Flashbulb Memory A unique and highly emotional moment may give rise to a clear, strong, and persistent memory called flashbulb memory. However, this memory is not free from errors. Ruters/ Corbis President Bush being told of 9/11 attack.

Generic Memory • General knowledge that we remember • Example: George Washington was the first president of the U.S. • We remember the facts, but probably do not remember when we first learned them.

Procedural Memory • Skills or procedures you have learned. • Example: riding a bike, swimming, driving a car, using a computer.

The Memory process • Encoding • Storage • Retrieval

Encoding • The processing of information into the memory system. Typing info into a computer Getting a girls name at a party

Storage • The retention of encoded material over time. Trying to remember her name when you leave the party. Pressing Ctrl S and saving the info.

Retrieval • The process of getting the information out of memory storage. Seeing her the next day and calling her the wrong name (retrieval failure). Finding your document and opening it up.

Turn your paper over. Now pick pick out the seven dwarves. Grouchy Gabby Fearful Sleepy Smiley Jumpy Hopeful Shy Droopy Dopey Sniffy Wishful Puffy Dumpy Sneezy Pop Grumpy Bashful Cheerful Teach Snorty Nifty Happy Doc Wheezy Stubby Poopy

Did you do better on the first or second dwarf memory exercise? Recall v. Recognition • With recall- you must retrieve the information from your memory (fill-in-the blank tests). • With recognition- you must identify the target from possible targets (multiple-choice tests). • Which is easier?

Types of Memory • Sensory Memory: • Short-Term Memory • Long-Term Memory

Sensory Memory • The immediate, initial recording of sensory information in the memory system. • Stored just for an instant, and most gets unprocessed. • Examples: • You lose concentration in class during a lecture. Suddenly you hear a significant word and return your focus to the lecture. You should be able to remember what was said just before the key word since it is in your sensory register. • Your ability to see motion can be attributed to sensory memory. An image previously seen must be stored long enough to compare to the new image. Visual processing in the brain works like watching a cartoon -- you see one frame at a time. • If someone is reading to you, you must be able to remember the words at the beginning of a sentence in order to understand the sentence as a whole. These words are held in a relatively unprocessed sensory memory.

Final 5 • What was the hardest thing in your education for you to remember? Why? How did you over come it?

Short-Term Memory • Memory that holds a few items briefly. • Seven digits (plus of minus two). • The info will be stored into long-term or forgotten. How do you store things from short-term to long-term? You must repeat things over and over to put them into your long-term memory. Rehearsal

Working Memory(Modern day STM) • Another way of describing the use of short-term memory is called working memory. • Working-Memory has three parts: • Audio • Visual • Integration of audio and visual (controls where you attention lies)

Long-Term Memory • The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system.

Name the Seven Dwarves