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Learn about the main element families - Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition Metals, Metals, Metalloids, Nonmetals, Halogens, Noble Gases, Rare Earth Elements, Actinoid Series, and Periodic Properties. Discover key characteristics and elements for each family.
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PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS FAMILIES
ALKALI METALS Most reactive of all the metals. List 3 Elements that belong to the Family: • Sodium 2. Lithium 3. Potassium Characteristics 1.Soft metals that can be cut with a butter knife. 2.They have 1 valence electron. 3.They are the most reactive of all metals.
ALKALI METALS 4.Good conductor of heat and electricity. 5.Can harm the skin. 6.None are found free in nature . They are always found in compound form. 7.K and Na react violently with Water. They are stored in Kerosene or Oil.
Alkaline Earth Metals They contain 2 Valence electrons. List 3 Elements that belong to the family 1.Beryllium 2.Magnesium 3. Calcium Characteristics 1.They are harder and denser than alkali metals. 2.Never found free in nature. 3.They contain 2 valence electrons. 4. They are highly reactive.
Transition Metals Biggest Family on the periodic table. List 3 Elements that belong to the family: 1.Cobalt 2.Nickel 3.Copper 4.Gold 5.Silver Characteristics 1.This is the misfit family. There are over 30 elements that didn’t fit into the other 8 families. 2.Good conductors of heat and electricity 3.Their valence electrons will vary from 2-7 4.Most are hard but some are brittle. 5. High melting point
Metals They corrode easily. List 3 Elements that belong to the family: 1.Tin 2.Lead 3.Aluminium Characteristics 1.Have high luster (shiny) 2.Good conductor of heat and electricity 3.High density and melting point. 4.Many are ductile and malleable 5.They have 1-3 valence electrons which are held loosely.
Metalloids • Metalloid Means Metal Like • List 3Elements that belong to the family: • Silicon 2. Germanium 3. Arsenic 4. Boron • 5. Antimony 6. Tellurium • Characteristics • 1.Semi-Conductors • 2.Elements that are on the border line • between metals and nonmetals. • 3.Solids can be shiny or dull. They can be ductile or malleable.
Nonmetals • Have properties opposite of metals. • List 3 Elements that belong to the family: • Carbon 2. Bromine 3. Oxygen • 4. Phosphorous • Characteristics • 1.They have a dull luster and are brittle. • 2.Poor conductors of heat and electricity. • 3.They are not malleable or ductile. • 4.They have low densities and melting points. • 5.Most will attract valence electrons from other atoms.
Halogens Halogens is a Greek word that means salt former List 3 Elements that belong to the family: 1.Fluorine 2. Chlorine 3. Iodine Characteristics 1.They are very reactive. They have 7 valence electrons and will accept one electron. 2.They combine with metals easily to form compounds that are salts. 3.Some are gases. Others will turn into a gas easily.
Noble Gases or Inert Gases They contain 8 valence electrons List 3 Elements that belong to the family: 1.Neon 2. Argon 3. Helium 4. Radon Characteristics 1.All are unreactive. 2.They contain 8 valence electrons 3.All are gases. 4.They do not ever combine to form diatomic molecules
Rare Earth Elements Elements 57-71 and 89-103 Lanthanoid Series Today 25% of all metals in the earth’s crust are Lanthanoids. 1.Lanthanum 2. Europium Characteristics 1.Soft , malleable shiny metals with high conductivity. 2.They are used in making various alloys along with making high quality glass.
Actinoid Series Elements 89-103 List 2 Elements that belong to the series 1.Thorium 2.Uranium Characteristics 1.All of the elements in this group are radioactive. 2.With the exception of 3 all are produced in the laboratory and are called synthetic. 3.Uranium is used in the process of nuclear fission in nuclear reactors.
Periodic Properties of the Elements 1.Metals are located to the ___________ of the dividing line on the periodic table. 2.Nonmetals are located to the ___________ of the dividing line on the periodic table. 3.The electrons in the outer energy level of an atom that are lost, gained or shared during chemical bonding are called the _____________ electrons. 4.The pattern of valence electrons starting from left to right on the periodic table are as follows___,____,____,____,___,____,____,_____.
5.Elements located to the left of the periodic table tend to _____________ electrons easily. 6.Elements located to the right of the periodic table tend to________ electrons easily. 7.To remove an electron from an atom of an element located to the left of the periodic table requires_________energy. 8.As you move from left to right across the periodic table, atomic size _________. 9.As you move from left to right across the periodic table the elements begin to become________ metallic.
10. Atomic size_______ from top to bottom in a family or group. 11. Will an atom with a valence of 0 chemically react with other atoms? __________ 12. Elements located along the dividing line on the periodic table are referred to as ___________. 13. Would Sodium be a very reactive element?_________ 14. _________ lose valence electrons while ____________ gain valence electrons during chemical combination or bonding.
15. The following properties vary in regular ways from left to right across a period: electron arrangement,metallic properties,_____________,and _______________.
