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Taking on Segregation

Taking on Segregation. “…in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.” -Chief Justice Earl Warren in the Brown v. Board decision. Section 29-1 pp. 906-915. The Segregation System.

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Taking on Segregation

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  1. Taking on Segregation “…in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.” -Chief Justice Earl Warren in the Brown v. Board decision Section 29-1 pp. 906-915

  2. The Segregation System • Jim Crow laws kept African Americans living as second class citizens • WWII and Civil Rights • New jobs • Served in military • FDR outlawed discrimination

  3. Challenging Segregation in Court • NAACP • Legal team headed by Thurgood Marshall • Challenged segregation through court cases

  4. Challenging Segregation in Court • Brown v. Board of Education (1954) • Outlawed segregation in public schools • Brown II (1955) • Ordered integration to happen more quickly

  5. Reaction to Brown • Little Rock Nine (1957) • AR Gov. refused to integrate schools • Eisenhower sends National Guard to escort students to school

  6. The Montgomery Bus Boycott • First organized movement to fight segregation • Led by Dr. M.L. King • In 1956, the Supreme Court ruled segregated buses illegal Rosa Parks Interviewed Rosa Parks challenged discrimination on city buses

  7. Martin Luther King and the SCLC • Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. • Promoted • Nonviolence • Civil disobedience • Methods • Huge demonstrations • Boycotts • 1957: Formed SCLC Dr. King riding an integrated bus in Montgomery in 1956.

  8. Martin Luther King and the SCLC • SNCC • Formed to involve college students in the civil rights movement • Sit-Ins • Often provoked angry whites • Won sympathy for protestors

  9. The Triumphs of a Crusade Section 29-2 pp. 916-922

  10. Riding for Freedom • Freedom Riders (1961) • Rode buses to protest segregation • RFK and JFK sent 400 US marshals to protect riders • Segregation banned in travel facilities

  11. Standing Firm • James Meredith • Gov. refused to let him enter Univ. of Miss. • JFK sent US marshals to let him in

  12. Standing Firm • The Birmingham Campaign • Protestors viciously attacked by police • Milestones • Poor blacks join demand for equality • Moderate whites in north and south begin supporting desegregation

  13. Marching to Washington • March in D.C. (1963) • 250,000 demand immediate passage of civil rights bill • “I Have a Dream” Speech • Civil Rights Act passed in 1964

  14. Fighting for Voting Rights • Freedom Summer • Student volunteers register voters Mississippi • Led to violence and murder • 24th Amendment: Banned poll tax

  15. Fighting for Voting Rights • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Eliminated literacy tests • Allowed federal examiners to register voters

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