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World trade of agricultural products

The WTO Agreements on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) & The role of food irradiation Josef Brodesser Food and Environmental Protection Section Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture A-1400 Vienna, Austria.

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World trade of agricultural products

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  1. The WTO Agreements on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)&The role of food irradiation Josef Brodesser Food and Environmental Protection Section Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture A-1400 Vienna, Austria

  2. World trade of agricultural products World trade of agricultural products 9% ( 560 US$ Billions) Agricultural products Other products 91%

  3. World trade & production by main product groups 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Percentageincreaseper year Total merchandise Export rate Industry products Production rate Agricultural products Manufactures

  4. The World Trade Organization (WTO) • Is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. • At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nations and ratified in their Parliaments.

  5. Functions of the WTO • Administering WTO trade agreements • Forum for trade negotiations • Handling trade disputes • Monitoring national trade policies • Technical assistance and training for developing countries • Cooperation with other international organizations

  6. WTO Agreements • Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) • Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)

  7. Sanitaryand Phyto-sanitaryMeasures are to protect against pests and diseases and to provide safe food

  8. SPS • Acknowledges that governments have the right to take sanitary and phytosanitary measures necessary for the protection of human health. • It does not permit Member Governments to discriminate by applying different requirements to different countries where the same or similar conditions prevail, unless there is sufficient scientific justification for doing so.

  9. TBT • Aims to ensure that technical regulations and standards, including packaging, marking and labeling requirements, and analytical procedures for assessing conformity with technical regulations and standards do not create unnecessary barriers to trade.

  10. The SPS Agreement Recognizes relevant international standards, guidelines and recommendations of competent international organizations: • Codex Alimentarius Commission (for food safety and human health) • International Plant Protection Convention (for plant health) • International Office of Epizootics (for animal health)

  11. Joint FAO/WHOCodex Alimentarius Commission Intergovernmental Body - 165 members, Objectives: • Ensure food is safe to eat • Facilitate international trade

  12. Codex Alimmentarius Commission (CAC) Codex Alimentarius = Food Law • Food standards • Codes of practices • Recommendations

  13. Food Hygiene and SafetyMayor activity of CAC Committees on: • Food Hygiene • Food Additives and Contaminants • Pesticides Residues • Residues of Veterinary Drugs

  14. CODEX GENERAL STANDARD FOR IRRADIATED FOOD • Scope • General requirements for the process • Hygiene of irradiated foods • Technological requirements • Re-irradiation • Labelling

  15. RECOMMENDED INTERNATIONAL CODE OF PRACTICE FOR THE OPERATION OF IRRADIATION FACILITIES USED FOR THE TREATMENT OF FOOD • Introduction • Irradiation plants • Good radiation processing plants • Product and inventory control • Appendix A (dosimetry) • Appendix B (EXAMPLES of technological conditions for the irradiation of SOME individual food items.)

  16. IPPC Guidelines for the Use of Irradiation as a Phytosanitary Treatment PLAN • Review by ICPM Standard Committee (May 2002) • Comments by member countries (June-September 2002) • New document revised by ICPM Standard Committee end year 2002) • Review and approval by the Plenary Session IPPC (April 2003)

  17. Conclusion WTO and its Agreements on SPS and TBT are part of international efforts to liberalise the world trade in food and agricultural products.

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