US Involvement in the Southwest Asia (Middle East)

1. US Involvement in the Southwest Asia (Middle East) • Do you think the U.S. has been overly involved in the Middle East?

2. U.S. Involvement in Southwest Asia (Middle East) • U.S. has political and economic involvement in Middle East. • Oil • Involved in breakup of Ottoman Empire • Creation of Israel in 1948 and supporting Israel

3. Persian Gulf War • Saddam Hussein Iraqi president invades Kuwait in 1990 • Wants to control oil reserves in Kuwait • Kuwait asks the UN for help • 1991 US and UN coalition attack Iraqi forces in Operation Desert Storm

4. Persian Gulf War • Creates an environmental disaster • Blows up oil wells as Iraqi army retreats • Iraq leaves Kuwait and returns to Iraq • UN imposes WMD (Weapons of Mass Destruction) inspectors in Iraq

5. 9/11 & War on Terrorism • U.S. involvement in Middle East is not welcomed by some • Osama Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda want U.S. removed from the Middle East • Use terrorism as a tool to fight back

6. 9/11 & War on Terrorism • September 11, 2001 – 4 airliners are high jacked by terrorist and flown into both World Trade Centers, Pentagon and last one crashes in Pennsylvania • Bin Laden and Al Qaeda take responsibility.

7. Invasion of Afghanistan • 2001 U.S. invades Afghanistan to fight Al Qaeda and Bin Laden • Taliban government in Afghanistan is a safe haven for terrorists • U.S. takes over country to break up terrorist networks

8. War in Afghanistan • Installs a democracy in the nation • US locates and US Seal Team 6 kills Osama Bin laden in May 2011 in Pakistan • The war continues today

9. Iraq War • 2003 U.S. intelligence believes that Iraq is creating WMD’s (weapons of mass destruction) • Bush starts Operation Iraqi Freedom • WMD’s are not found

10. Iraq War • Saddam Hussein is found and tried for crimes against humanity • Found guilty of murdering his own people (Kurds and Shia Muslims) • Executed by the new democratic government in Iraqi government

11. SUMMARY Explain U.S. presence and interest in Southwest Asia; include the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. Is there a time when war is justified? Explain your answer.

12. Afghanistan Iraq Country Total • Australia 29 • Belgium 1 • Canada 157 • Czech 4 • Denmark 42 • Estonia 8 • Finland 2 • France 75 • Georgia 10 • Germany 53 • Hungary 7 • Italy 42 • Jordan 2 • Latvia 3 • Lithuania 1 • NATO 3 • Netherlands 25 • New Zealand 4 • Norway 10 • Poland 29 • Portugal 2 • Romania 19 • South Korea 1 • Spain 33 • Sweden 5 • Turkey 2 • UK 382 • US 1796 • Total 2747 Year US UK Other Total 2003 486 53 41 580 2004 849 22 35 906 2005 846 23 28 897 2006 822 29 21 872 2007 904 47 10 961 2008 314 4 4 322 2009 149 1 0 150 2010 60 0 0 60 2011 47 0 0 47 Total 4477 179 139 4795

13. WWII WWI COUNTRY CASUALTIES • Soviet Union 23,954,000 • China 15,000,000 • Germany 7,728,000 • Poland 5,720,000 • Japan 2,700,000 • India 2,087,000 • Yugoslavia 1,027,000 • Rumania 833,000 • Hungary 580,000 • France 567,600 • Greece 560,000 • Italy 456,000 • Great Britain 449,800 • United States 418,500 • Czechoslovakia 345,000 • Netherlands 301,000 • Austria 123,700 • Finland 97,000 • Belgium 86,100 • Canada 45,300 • Australia 40,500 • Bulgaria 25,000 • New Zealand 11,900 • South Africa 11,900 • Norway 9,500 • Spain 4,500 • Denmark 3,200 • TOTAL: 63,185,500 COUNTRY CASUALTIES • Country Casualties • Africa unknown • Australia 211,000 • Austria-Hungary 4,820,000 • Belgium 57,000 • Bulgaria 254,000 • Canada 241,000 • The Caribbean 4,000 • French Empire 5,651,000 • Germany 5,952,000 • Great Britain 2,367,000 • Greece 26,000 • India 108,000 • Italy 1,407,000 • Japan 1,25 • Montenegro 13,000 • New Zealand 73,000 • Portugal 22,000 • Romania 320,000 • Russia 6,650,000 • Serbia 261,000 • South Africa 19,000 • Turkey 736,000 • USA 321,000 • TOTAL 16,543,868