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Early English Colonies

Early English Colonies. Roanoke Jamestown. Spain and England are rivals. Spain had taken control of much of the new world. England wanted a piece of the pie. England’s idea of “colony” was a bit different than Spain’s. Mercantilism.

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Early English Colonies

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  1. Early English Colonies • Roanoke • Jamestown

  2. Spain and England are rivals. • Spain had taken control of much of the new world. • England wanted a piece of the pie. • England’s idea of “colony” was a bit different than Spain’s.

  3. Mercantilism • The state controls trade and attempts to transfer wealth FROM the colonies TO the parent country.

  4. Roanoke • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/legacyvideoformats/isCC/false/

  5. Jamestown, 1607 • Financed by a joint stock company : Virginia Company of London. • Called Jamestown after the King • Problems:

  6. Problems with Jamestown • 100 colonists came to Jamestown in 1607. • By 1608 only 38 were left alive. • Colonists thought they were going to find gold, so they spent much of their time looking for gold instead of trying to grow crops and hunt game. • John Smith: “No work, no food.” • Smith persuaded the Powhatan tribe to trade for food.

  7. More people come to Jamestown • In 1609, 800 more people come to Jamestown. • The Powhatan got sick and tired of the colonists and began attacking them. • By 1610, only 60 colonists of the 800 survived.

  8. Conflicts with the Powhatan • After John Rolf married Pocahontas there was peace between the colonists and Native Americans for a while. • But the colonists plantations kept taking up more land and finally the Native Americans attacked the colony and killed hundreds of colonists.

  9. House of Burgesses Responds • The governor of Virginia (appointed by the King) hanged most all of the colonists siding with Bacon with no trial. • The King called the governor back and the House of Burgesses passed laws to prevent the governor from ever getting that much power again (? KING).

  10. Starving Time of 1609 • The colonists weren’t so good at feeding themselves and couldn’t get outside the fort because of the Native Americans, so they literally began to starve to death. Some resorted to cannibalism.

  11. Things Get Better (for the colonists) John Rolfe brought in smuggled high-grade tobacco which thrived. Conflict began to grow between the colonists and the Virginia Company, so the colonists were then allowed to own the land. This motivated the colonists to work even harder and soon the first plantations were successful and the first slaves were imported (1619).

  12. Conflicts Between the Colonists and England • With all of the financial success more laborers were needed and not all were slaves. • Indentured servants also helped out. • Colonists continued to be frustrated with strict rule from the Virginia Company and the King so they set up the House of Burgesses.

  13. Conflicts With the Powhatan • Even though John Rolfe married Pocahontas, there was only peace for a short time. • Expanding tobacco plantations kept taking up more and more land and finally the Native Americans attacked the settlement and killed hundreds of colonists.

  14. Bacon’s Rebellion • By the 1670’s at least ¼ of all the colonists were freed indentured servants. • They were tired of control by England, resented the taxes they had to pay, and wanted help from the government against the Native Americans • A group of them took over the House of Burgesses. • It ended badly: the governor had the upstarts hung without a trial. • The governor was recalled and the Burgesses passed laws to severely limit the power of future governors. (KING?)

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