Journal 10/14

1. Journal 10/14 Do you consider music to be poetry? Why or why not? Explain in at least 3 sentences.

2. POETRY

3. POETRY • A type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form (usually using lines and stanzas)

4. POET The poet is the author of the poem. SPEAKER The speaker of the poem is the “narrator” of the poem. POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY

5. FORM - the appearance of the words on the page LINE - a group of words together on one line of the poem STANZA - a group of lines arranged together A word is dead When it is said, Some say. I say it just Begins to live That day. POETRY FORM

6. KINDS OF STANZAS Couplet = a two line stanza Triplet (Tercet) = a three line stanza Quatrain = a four line stanza Quintet = a five line stanza Sestet (Sextet) = a six line stanza Septet = a seven line stanza Octave = an eight line stanza

7. SOUND EFFECTS

8. RHYTHM • The beat created by the sounds of the words in a poem • Rhythm can be created by meter, rhyme, alliteration and refrain.

9. METER • A pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.

10. Words sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds. (A word always rhymes with itself.) LAMP STAMP Share the short “a” vowel sound Share the combined “mp” consonant sound RHYME

11. END RHYME • A word at the end of one line rhymes with a word at the end of another line • Hector the Collector • Collected bits of string. • Collected dolls with broken heads • And rusty bells that would not ring.

12. INTERNAL RHYME • A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line. • Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary. • From “The Raven” • by Edgar Allan Poe

13. a.k.a imperfect rhyme, close rhyme The words share EITHER the same vowel or consonant sound BUT NOT BOTH ROSE LOSE Different vowel sounds (long “o” and “oo” sound) Share the same consonant sound NEAR RHYME

14. RHYME SCHEME • A rhyme scheme is a pattern of rhyme (usually end rhyme, but not always). • Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern. (See next slide for an example.)

15. SAMPLE RHYME SCHEME • The Germ by Ogden Nash • A mighty creature is the germ, • Though smaller than the pachyderm. • His customary dwelling place • Is deep within the human race. • His childish pride he often pleases • By giving people strange diseases. • Do you, my poppet, feel infirm? • You probably contain a germ. a a b b c c a a

16. ONOMATOPOEIA • Words that imitate the sound they are naming • BUZZ • OR sounds that imitate another sound • “The silken, sad, uncertain, rustling of • each purple curtain . . .”

17. ALLITERATION • Consonant sounds repeated at the beginnings of words • If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick?

18. CONSONANCE • Similar to alliteration EXCEPT . . . • The repeated consonant sounds can be anywhere in the words • “silken,sad, uncertain, rustling . . “

19. ASSONANCE • Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of poetry. • (Often creates near rhyme.) • Lake Fate Base Fade • (All share the long “a” sound.)

20. ASSONANCE cont. Examples of ASSONANCE: “Slow the low gradual moan came in the snowing.” • John Masefield “Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep.” - William Shakespeare

21. A sound, word, phrase or line repeated regularly in a poem. “Quoth the raven, ‘Nevermore.’” REFRAIN

22. FIGURATIVELANGUAGE

23. SIMILE • A comparison of two things using “like, as than,” or “resembles.” • “She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”

24. METAPHOR • A direct comparison of two unlike things • “All the world’s a stage, and we are merely players.” - William Shakespeare

25. Hyperbole • Exaggeration often used for emphasis.

26. Understatement • Understatement - basically the opposite of hyperbole. Often it is ironic. • Ex. Calling a slow moving person “Speedy”

27. Idiom • An expression where the literal meaning of the words is not the meaning of the expression. It means something other than what it actually says. • Ex. It’s raining cats and dogs.

28. An animal given human-like qualities or an object given life-like qualities. from “Ninki” by Shirley Jackson “Ninki was by this time irritated beyond belief by the general air of incompetence exhibited in the kitchen, and she went into the living room and got Shax, who is extraordinarily lazy and never catches his own chipmunks, but who is, at least, a cat, and preferable, Ninki saw clearly, to a man with a gun. PERSONIFICATION

29. When a person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself also represents, or stands for, something else. = Innocence = America = Peace SYMBOLISM

30. Allusion comes from the verb “allude” which means “to refer to” An allusion is a reference to something famous. A tunnel walled and overlaid With dazzling crystal: we had read Of rare Aladdin’s wondrous cave, And to our own his name we gave. From “Snowbound” John Greenleaf Whittier Allusion

31. IMAGERY • Language that appeals to the senses. • Most images are visual, but they can also appeal to the senses of sound, touch, taste, or smell. then with cracked hands that ached from labor in the weekday weather . . . from “Those Winter Sundays”

32. SOME TYPES OF POETRYWE WILL BE STUDYING

33. Haiku • Limerick • Concrete • Lyrical • Narrative • Sonnets • Epic • Cinaquian • Free Verse • Blank Verse

34. Limerick • Limerick is one of the very popular kinds of poetry. A limerick is a funny little poem with a rhyme scheme of ‘aabba’.

35. Limerick Cont. • Limericks - The form  Limericks consist of five lines.Lines 1, 2, and 5 of Limericks have seven to ten syllables and rhyme with one another. Lines 3 and 4 of Limericks have five to seven syllables and also rhyme with each other.

36. Limerick Examples • Limerick:There was an Old Man with a beard,Who said, 'It is just as I feared!Two Owls and a Hen,Four Larks and a Wren,Have all built their nests in my beard!'

37. Limerick Examples • LimerickThere was a Young Lady of Norway,Who casually sat on a doorway;When the door squeezed her flat,She exclaimed, 'What of that?'This courageous Young Lady of Norway.

38. Limerick Examples • Limerick There was once an ape in a zoo Who looked out through the bars and saw YOU Do you think it’s fair To give poor apes a scare? I think it’s a mean thing to do

39. A five line poem containing 22 syllables Two Syllables Four Syllables Six Syllables Eight Syllables Two Syllables CINQUAIN

40. Cinquain Pattern #1 Line1: One word Line2: Two words Line 3: Three words Line 4: Four words Line 5: One word Cinquain Pattern #2Line1: A noun Line2: Two adjectives Line 3: Three -ing words Line 4: A phrase Line 5: Another word for the noun Cinquain Patterns

41. Cinquain Examples Dinosaurs Lived once, Long ago, but Only dust and dreams Remain

42. Cinquain Examples Baseball Bat cracks against The pitch, sending it out Over the back fence, I did it! Homerun

43. Cinquain How frail Above the bulk Of crashing water hangs Autumnal, evanescent, wan The moon.

44. . HAIKU A Japanese poem written in three lines Five Syllables Seven Syllables Five Syllables

45. Haiku An old silent pond . . . A frog jumps into the pond. Splash! Silence again

46. Assignment Read Haikus from the book pg.956-957 Answer questions 1,2a,4a,4b,4c,5a Homework- Write 3 haiku, 1 limerick, 1 cinquain Due Next Class