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Vertical Structure of Ozone Cycle

Vertical Structure of Ozone Cycle. CFCs and Ozone depletion. Reservoirs. Reactions. Nitrous oxide cycle. Ozone depletion through nitrous oxide. Sources that harm ozone layer. Sources of chloroflurocarbons. Total ozone – October monthly averages. Halley Bay, Antarctica.

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Vertical Structure of Ozone Cycle

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  1. Vertical Structure of Ozone Cycle www.assignmentpoint.com

  2. CFCs and Ozone depletion Reservoirs Reactions www.assignmentpoint.com

  3. Nitrous oxide cycle www.assignmentpoint.com

  4. Ozone depletion through nitrous oxide www.assignmentpoint.com

  5. Sources that harm ozone layer www.assignmentpoint.com

  6. Sources of chloroflurocarbons www.assignmentpoint.com

  7. Total ozone –October monthly averages Halley Bay, Antarctica www.assignmentpoint.com

  8. Monthly averages for October www.assignmentpoint.com

  9. TOMS Satellite Measurements • Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer • Based on backscattered light • UV range • Dobson units (DU) www.assignmentpoint.com

  10. www.assignmentpoint.com

  11. Ozone Hole – Sept 22-Oct 6 2002 & 2003 www.assignmentpoint.com

  12. Ozone hole size • 1.5 x USA • Australia 8,923,000 • USA 9,363,130 • Europe 10,498,000 • Antarctica 13,340,000 • Russia 17,078,000 • N America 25,349,000 • Africa 30,355,000 sq km www.assignmentpoint.com

  13. Need for a cold dark place….. www.assignmentpoint.com

  14. What is being done? • First global agreement - restrict CFCs - Montreal Protocol - 1987 • European Community countries have even stricter measures • Was anticipated - recovery of the ozone layer within 50 years of 2000 World Meteorological Organisation (WMO reports #25, #37) www.assignmentpoint.com

  15. Is the ozone loss only in Antarctica? • Arctic – ‘low ozone event’ • S America – from Antarctica hole • Volcanic ozone hole • European ozone hole - heavily populated northern mid-latitudes (30-60N) – formation smaller, much slower www.assignmentpoint.com

  16. Why is the loss more dramatic at the poles? • Polar meteorology • Polar vortex – winter polar night • Polar stratospheric clouds (-80C) • nitric acid trihydrate • Chemical reactions • occur on surface PSC’s • Occur very fast www.assignmentpoint.com

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