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Moles, Grams, and Solutions: Understanding Concentration and Solubility

This review covers various problems related to moles, grams, molarity, solubility, and colligative properties of solutions. Learn how to calculate the concentration of solutions, determine solubility limits, and understand the effects of temperature and dissolved particles. Explore different terms and concepts related to solutions and their properties.

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Moles, Grams, and Solutions: Understanding Concentration and Solubility

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  1. Chapters 15 & 16 Review

  2. How many moles are in 500 mL of a .5 M solution? • How many grams of NaCl are in a 1.5 L solution of 0.51 M?

  3. 52.0 mL of a 12.0 M HCl stock solution is diluted to a new volume of 500 mL. The concentration of the new solution is _____.

  4. What is the molarity of a solution in which 57.0 g of acetic acid (HC2H3O2) is dissolved in enough water to make 1500 mL of solution?

  5. What is the molarity of a solution containing 5.0 moles of solute in 659 mL of solution? • What is the molarity of a solution containing 7.0 moles of solute in 2 liters of solution?

  6. If the percent by mass for a solute is 4% and the mass of the solution is 120 g, what is the mass of the solute?

  7. What is the maximum amount of KNO3 that can dissolve in 200 g of water (the solubility is 30 g/100 g H2O at 20ºC) • How many mL of a 2.0 M NaBr solution are needed to make 500 mL of 0.50 M NaBr?

  8. If the percent by volume is 2.0% and the volume of the solution is 500 mL, what is the volume of the solute? • How many liters of 0.15 M solution are needed to give 2.7 moles of solute?

  9. How many liters of 0.30 M solution are required to yield 5.0 grams of solute (molar mass of solute = 30 g) • If the volume of the solute is 6.0 mL and the volume of the solution is 200 mL, what is the solute’s percent by volume?

  10. What is the percentage of water in the hydrate CuSO4·5H2O?

  11. What happens to solubility in general as temperature increases? • Name the 3 colligative properties

  12. Which is not a colloid: fog, milk, salt water, or paint • Colligative properties depend on the _____ of solute ______ in solution.

  13. Bonds between adjacent water molecules are called ______ bonds. • How does the surface tension of water compare with the surface tension of most other liquids?

  14. Describe 3 ways to increase the rate that a solid dissolves in water. • In a concentrated solution, there is a ____ _____ of solute.

  15. Name the term • Interferes with hydrogen bonding between water molecules • A solution containing more solute than can theoretically dissolve at a certain temperature

  16. Name the Term • Dissolved particle • Number of moles per liter of solution • Homogeneous mixture of water and dissolved substances

  17. Name the Term • Dissolving medium • Compound that will conduct current in liquid state or in aqueous solution • Liquids that are insoluble in each other

  18. Name the term • Solution containing maximum amount of solute • Measure of amount of solute dissolved in a specified quantity of solvent

  19. Name the Term • Inward force tending to minimize surface area of a liquid • Observed when a light beam passes through a colloid • Mixture characterized by settling of particles

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