Characteristics of Life

1. Characteristics of Life Opening Questions: How many bacteria do you think cover your body? Are all of them bad bacteria?

2. Characteristics of Life 1. 6 billion— Extremely small and can fit 2. Not all bacteria are bad…actually the ones on your skin (known as NORMAL FLORA) help to keep the bad ones away….

3. http://textbookofbacteriology.net/normalflora.html

4. Main Learning Outcome • Describe the levels of organization of life. • (3.1.10 A1, 3.1.10 A2 and 3.1.10 A5)

5. A. Introductory Terms 1. BIOLOGY The study of life Bio- Life ology- study of

6. 2. ORGANISM Any living thing

7. 3. BIOSPHERE • A thin layer of air, land and water that is home to all living things on Earth.

8. B. Characteristic of Life • Characteristics that organisms possess to make them living

9. 1.Organization The CELL is technically the SMALLEST unit of life.

10. a. But the cell is made up of nonliving molecules. b. Smaller molecules come together to make larger molecules

11. C. The larger molecules then come together to make up the cell • (Atoms, compounds, molecules all NONliving)

12. 2. When cells of the same type performing the same function come together it is called TISSUE.

13. 3. When tissue of the same type performing the same function come together it is called an ORGAN. Examples b. Leaf and heart

14. 4. When many organs come together to perform certain functions is called an ORGAN SYSTEM. Examples b. roots, stems, leaves and cardiovascular system (heart, veins, arteries and capillaries/blood vessels)

15. 5. When many organ systems come together to perform many different functions they become an ORGANISM. Examples b. Tree and Zebra

18. Opening Questions: 1. What is the 1st thing that something needs to have to be living? 2. What are the levels of organization of a multicellular organism? TURN IN ANSWER

19. Opening Questions: 1. ONE cell 2. Cell----Tissue----Organ----Organ System-----Organism

20. Main Learning Outcome • Describe the levels of organization of life. • (3.1.10 A1, 3.1.10 A2 and 3.1.10 A5)

21. 2. Energy Use • Living things take in energy through nutrients or sunlight and use it to perform life’s processes.

22. 3. Growth and Development • Growth Increase in size Adding cells Development Change in form

23. 4. Reproduction • Two things organisms can reproduce • Making new life

24. 2. Making new cells

25. Two ways

26. ASEXUAL reproduction Involves one organism usually just splitting in two (unicellular organisms only)

27. b. SEXUAL reproduction • Involves the union of a sperm and an egg cell (multi-cellular organisms usually)

28. 5. Response and Adaptation Adjustment to stimuli in the environment

29. Examples of Responses Unicellular organisms can use their flagellum or cilia to move away from light or towards chemical energy

30. 2. Plants leaves turn towards the sun 3. Sharks can smell blood miles away.

31. Adaptation— • Long term change to stimuli

32. Characteristics of Life • 1. Organization---one cell • 2. Energy Use • 3. Growth and Development • 4. Reproduction • 5. Response and Adaptation

33. OPENING QUESTION What is the difference between a population, community and ecosystem?

34. C. Difference between Living, Nonliving and Dead

35. 1. LIVING • Something that possess ALL of the Characteristics of Life at the present time.

36. 2. DEAD • Something or a part of something that had once possessed all the Characteristics but no longer does

37. 3. NONLIVING • Something that does not and never did possess all the Characteristics

38. B. Extension of Biological Organization When many of the same ORGANISMS (species) live together in the same area they are called a POPULATION.

39. a. Example b. African Zebras on a plain

40. 2. When many of different populations live together in the same area they are called a COMMUNITY.

41. a. Example • b. African Zebras, African Lions and Gazelles on the plain.

42. 3. Organisms in the communities always interact with the physical environment as well as each other. This called an ECOSYSTEM.

43. a. EXAMPLE • b. African Zebras, African Lions and Gazelles on the plain along with the rain, rocks, soil etc.

44. BIOSPHERE • Thin layer of the Earth where life can exist.