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Module 12: New Frontiers for Computer Ethics: Cyberspace

Module 12: New Frontiers for Computer Ethics: Cyberspace. Introduction Cyberspace and the Concepts of Telepresence and Immersion Securing Cyberspace Intellectual Property Rights in Cyberspace Regulating and Censoring Cyberspace The Social Value of Cyberspace Privacy in Cyberspace

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Module 12: New Frontiers for Computer Ethics: Cyberspace

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  1. Module 12: New Frontiers for Computer Ethics: Cyberspace • Introduction • Cyberspace and the Concepts of Telepresence and Immersion • Securing Cyberspace • Intellectual Property Rights in Cyberspace • Regulating and Censoring Cyberspace • The Social Value of Cyberspace • Privacy in Cyberspace • Global Cyber Ethics • Cyberspace Lingua Franca • Global Cyber Culture Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  2. Introduction • When William Gibson first coined the word cyberspace in his novel Neuromancer, he was describing the vision of a three-dimensional space of pure information consisting of networks of computers linking people, machines, and other objects as information sources and sinks. • Cyberspace is a global artificial reality environment based on a global mesh of interconnected computer networks allowing and making it possible for anyone using a point of entry device like a computer, smartphone, or any other Internetenabled electronic device to reach anyone else, with the potential to access the mesh, through a one-on-one, one-to-many, and many-to-one communication capabilities or through broadcasting via the World Wide Web. Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  3. Cyberspace and the Concepts of Telepresence and Immersion • When one is in cyberspace, there is a feeling of being in a location other than where one actually is. • This is a notion of telepresence, a feeling one gets of being present at a place other than their true location. • This feeling and sometimes the ability to control a robot or another device at a distance gives cyberspace and in fact makes cyberspace a virtual environment. Whether in cyberspace or not, telepresence, as a concept, requires that the users’ senses be provided with such stimuli as to give the feeling of being in that other location. Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  4. Securing Cyberspace • Keeping cyberspace users secure is a daunting job that requires advanced detection techniques and prevention methods. • We do this by: • Detecting Attacks in Cyberspace • Performing Cyberspace Forensics • Performing Intrusion Detection in Cyberspace Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  5. Cyberspace Access • Types of cyberspace access (most common) • Direct connection • Dial up( SLIP, PPP) • DSL • Politics of cyberspace access • Digital divide • Geography • Education • Race • Age Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  6. Intellectual Property Rights • Internet paradox – Internet technology requires fast access, maximum compatibility in service and low costs: • Mass access creates competition • Much of what is moved on the Internet is intellectual property, therefore, protected by intellectual property laws and statutes- • fosters monopoly. Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  7. Regulating and Cyberspace Censorship • Reasons for Internet censorship: • Terrorism • Historical • Social • Political • Cultural • Economic • Internet censorship is expensive: • Highly specialized and rich graphics that require latest equipment • Need for highly trained people to do the job Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  8. Cyberspace Censorship… • Internet convergence, one-fits-all, a combo of telecommunication, broadcasting and computer services • Changing nature of material and content • Lack of internationally accepted judicial systems • Transient nature of membership of cyberspace -cyberzens • Lack of allegiance Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  9. Cyberspace Censorship… • Measures being undertaken: • Legislation • Self-regulation • Hotlines/advocacy • Education Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  10. Privacy in Cyberspace • Individual privacy under attack through electronic monitoring, surveillance, transmission, scanning and tapping • Also more efficient means of collecting, categorizing, and sorting data Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  11. Cyberspace Security • Security of information in two areas: • At the server • Firewalls • During transmission • Encryption • Authentication Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  12. Global Ethical Standards • Chances of an emergence of a global ethical standard • Conflicting global ideologies: • Politics • Religion • Deferring global cultures • Small Internet etiquettes – beginning to get global Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  13. Global Lingua Franca • The emergence of a global lingua franca • Major languages: • English • French • German • Russian • Chinese • Factors influencing growth of a global language: • Commerce • Military Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

  14. Global Cyber Culture • International migration and travels • Cyber communities observing certain cultures • Factors influencing the growth of global culture: • Commerce • Military • Migrations • Factors working against growth of global culture: • Ideologies (political, religious) • Differing cultures • mistrust Ethical and Social...J.M.Kizza

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