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Simple Machines

Simple Machines. Group KK. Screw. Derek Eisenberg. What is a screw?. A screw is one of the six simple machines. Definition - a mechanical device for fixing one object to another

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Simple Machines

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  1. Simple Machines Group KK

  2. Screw Derek Eisenberg

  3. What is a screw? • A screw is one of the six simple machines. • Definition- a mechanical device for fixing one object to another • The screw is really an inclined plane in the round with a wedge at the tip. Think of a typical screw. The wedge is the pointed end. The inclined plane is the thread that wraps around the screw. Screws are used in many different places to hold things together.

  4. Advantage • There are many advantages of using screws. Here is an equation: • F1 X D1=F2 X D2

  5. Bibliography • www.wikipedia.org • www.Uark.edu • www.hyperphysics.phy/astr.gsu.edu • www.teacher.scholastic.com • www.roymech.co.uk

  6. Lever

  7. Levers are one of the basic tools that were probably used in prehistoric times. Levers were first described about 260 BC by the ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes (287-212 BC). • A lever is a simple machine that makes work easier for use; it involves moving a load around a pivot using a force. Many of our basic tools use levers, including scissors (2 class 1 levers), pliers (2 class 1 levers), hammer claws (a single class 2 lever), nut crackers (2 class 2 levers), and tongs (2 class 3 levers).

  8. Class 1 Levers • In a Type 1 Lever, the pivot is between the effort and the load. In an off-center type one lever (like a pliers), the load is larger than the effort, but is moved through a smaller distance.

  9. Class 2 Levers • In a Type 2 Lever, the load is between the pivot and the effort.

  10. Class 3 Levers • In a Type 3 Lever, the effort is between the pivot (fulcrum) and the load.

  11. Bibliography • http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/physics/machines/Levers.shtml • http://www.wikipedia.org • http://teacher.scholastic.com/dirtrep/simple/lever.htm • http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210120/lever.html

  12. Wheel and Axle Aaron Boyer Period 12

  13. Simple Machine

  14. Simple Wheel • Common, everyday objects make good use of the wheel and axle, as seen in this contraption. • The sole use of the wheel in this picture is to smoothly move the object on which the wheels are attached to.

  15. Ideal Mechanical Advantage

  16. Compound Machines Three Common Uses of the Wheel and Axle in Compound Machines

  17. Water Wheel • The water wheel is a simple device that makes use of a wheel and axle. • When the wheel is turned, the axel spins and winds up the rope carrying the bucket of water. • Some also use flowing water to power objects, as seen in this image.

  18. Bicycle • The bicycle makes use of two wheels and axles in order to move the machine over various forms of terrain. • Larger wheels provide more traction for the bicycle.

  19. Steering Wheel • The steering wheel is a device that makes practical use of the wheel and axle to steer motor vehicles. • When one turns the steering wheel, the axle rotates, changing the direction the wheels face. This causes the vehicle to move in the desired direction, providing the driver with control.

  20. Bibliography • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_and_axle • http://marginaldesigns.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/batman-monster-truck.jpg • www.mastergardenproducts.com/waterwheel8.jpg • http://img2.travelblog.org/Photos/8743/26947/f/133799-Taxi-Bicycle-0.jpg • https://www.ragingspeed.co.uk/catalog/seo/images/Richbrook_R1_Steering_Wheel.jpg • http://www.rock-hill.k12.sc.us/teachers/spes/ccagle/home%20Page%20Links/Home%20Page%20Links%2005-06/Simple%20Machines/Simple%20Machines%20-Dylan%20017.jpg

  21. Wedge By: Amber Hastings

  22. A wedge is a triangular shaped simple machine in the shape of an incline plane. A wedge is…

  23. The Ideal Mechanical Advantage • To find the ideal mechanical advantage you take the ratio to its length to the ratio to its width. • The equation would be MA=l/w (length by width)

  24. Changing Forces • The wedge converts the force put on its blunt end into forces perpendicular to its length. • For instance when you use a wedge to split wood, the force that is put on it from the axe is changed into the force that causes the wood to split.

  25. MA Example • Ma=l/w • 8/4=2 8 4

  26. A fan would be one example of a compound machine. The fan blade is an example of a wedge and there is also a wheel and axle in it. Compound Machines

  27. A Row Boat • A row boat is an example of a compound machine. The wedge would be the front of the boat. It slices through the water causing less resistance. The other simple machines in a boat are the oars. They serve as levers.

  28. Rocket • The scooper on the shovel serves as the wedge and the handle serves as the lever.

  29. Autobiography • http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210120/Compound%20machine.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedge_(mechanical_device) • http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/curr/science/sciber00/8th/machines/sciber/machine3.htm • http://www.edheads.org/activities/simple-machines/ • http://www.coe.uh.edu/archive/science/science_lessons/scienceles1/finalhome.htm

  30. The Inclined Plane By Wade Meyerhoffer

  31. What is it? • The inclined plane is a plane surface set at an angle, other than a right angle, against a horizontal surface. The inclined plane permits one to overcome a large resistance by applying a relatively small force through a longer distance than the load is to be raised.

  32. Equations • The ideal advantage of the inclined plane is to get things to a higher level easier than carrying it. • F(parallel)=sinθ*w • F(perpendicular)=cos θ*w

  33. Compound Machines(1) • Ski lift • Uses both inclined plane and a pulley system

  34. Compound Machines(2) • Trolley • Inclined Plane and wheel and axle

  35. Compound Machine(3) • Roller Coaster • Pulley and inclined plane

  36. Works Cited • http://www.weirdrichard.com/inclined.htm • http://teacher.scholastic.com/dirtrep/Simple/plane.htm • http://www.phy.hk/wiki/englishhtm/Incline.htm • http://illuminations.nctm.org/LessonDetail.aspx?id=L278 • http://www.mikids.com/SMachinesInclinedPlanes.htm

  37. The Pulley Katie Haldeman

  38. Explination • A pulley is a mechanism that is made up of a wheel with a groove and a rope that runs inside the groove • The pulley is used to change the direction of applied force

  39. Mechanical Advantage • The ideal mechanical advantage of a machine is the ratio of the output and input forces that are used within the machine • For pulleys, the output force is the weight of the object being lifted and the input force is the force applied on the end of the rope • Finding the actual mechanical advantage is possible when friction is involved • N(1/2) N=number of ropes, minus the one in your hand

  40. Change in force • The pulley changes the force in reducing and redirecting the weight to make it more simple and lighter to use and lift.

  41. Mechanical advantage example • N(1/2) • N stands the total amount of ropes, minus the one in your hand • If you are using 3 ropes, minus the one in your hand, use the equation N(1/2) • …So 2(1/2) which is 1

  42. Bicycle • The pulley on the bicycle is the chain that helps rotate the tires. • The wheel and axel on the bike helps the tires move as one machine

  43. Trebuchet • The trebuchet is a compound machine, with the pulley acting to make the load easier • The lever is used to launch • The wedge is used to hold the trebuchet together

  44. Ski Lift • A ski lift is a compound machine. It uses a pulley, inclined plane and also a wedge.

  45. bibliography • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulley http://www.swe.org/iac/lp/pulley_03.html • http://library.thinkquest.org/27948/pulley.html • http://www.swe.org/iac/lp/pulley_03.html • http://cnx.org/content/m14060/latest/ • http://www.howstuffworks.com/pulley.htm

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