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Standard Forms of Elemental Cost Analysis for Civil Engineering COBRA, Las Vegas, 11-13th September 2012. Presented by: Joe Martin, BCIS Executive Director. Building Cost Information Service of Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Online database of elemental cost analyses for buildings
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Standard Forms of Elemental Cost Analysis for Civil EngineeringCOBRA, Las Vegas, 11-13th September 2012 Presented by: Joe Martin, BCIS Executive Director
BuildingCost Information Service of Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Online database of elemental cost analyses for buildings • 17,000 buildings • Data for: • Business case/early cost advice • Budget setting • Benchmarking • Standard elemental data structure
Cost analyses BCIS Standard Form of Cost Analysis • ‘Purpose of cost analysis is to provide data that allows comparisons to be made between the costs of achieving various building functions in a project with those of achieving equivalent functions in other projects.’
Element Element: A major physical part of a building that fulfils a specific function or functions irrespective of its design, specification or construction.’
The elemental approach has been taken up as a framework for: • Client brief • Cost analysis and benchmarking • Cost modelling • Cost planning • Lifecycle costs • Procurement • Performance specification; and • Value engineering
The application of Elements is seen around the world. Many developed countries have their own classification of Elements. In America there are: • ASTM UNIFORMAT II • CSI/CSC UniFormat • Omniclass Table 21 • CIQS Elemental Cost Analysis
But there are no widely used standard elements for Civil Engineering structures
Objective Project with UK Defence Infrastructure Organisation (DIO) ‘To collate cost data on civil engineering schemes in a consistent format that can be used for benchmarking and future cost estimates’
Uniclass Uniclass UK United Classification for the Construction Industry: 1997: Table E Construction entities Table H Elements for civil engineering works
ISO 12006-2 ISO 12006 Building Construction-Organisation of information about construction works Part2: Framework for classification of information Proposes tables for: • Entity (by Form) • Elements
A building • A hospital is a building • A house is a building • A hotel is a building • My shed is a building They all provide: structurally supported, enclosed, usable, floor space
A building All buildings have a common function independent of their use. Object function – building iestructurally supported, enclosed, usable, floor space User function – hospital (ie healthcare) User function = Entity type
Entities Entities = structures with common object functions Entity: an independent construction of significant scale classified by its physical form/basic function (Uniclass) Therefore we are looking for Entities i.e. civil engineering structures with common ‘Object Functions’ as these will, hopefully, have common elements.
Entities Pavements Railways (trackways) Platforms, quays, piers and jetties Retaining structure Dividing structures Support structures (masts and towers) Pipelines Open conduits Bridges (spanning structures) Tunnels …
Projects • A project is a grouping of entities
Project: Building and external works Building Cable Pipe Road Hard landscape Soft landscape
Project: Road and external works Building Road Cable Pipe Hard landscape Soft landscape
Entity Types • Each entity will have a range of ‘Entity Types’ that define their user function, e.g. ‘Pavements’ may be used for runways, taxiways as well as various types of road, etc. It is proposed that the entity types will be defined based on Uniclass Table D – Facilities, where possible.
Costs that are not attributable to the physical parts of the building should be analysed in to: • Preliminaries • Main contractor’s overheads and profit • Contingencies and risks • Contractors design fees on design and build contracts. For benchmarking rules are required for allocating the non-elemental costs to ensure consistence of the data.
Note: this slide has been stolen from Christophe Castaing (EGIS) and Pierre Benning (Bouygues Travaux Publics)
Data model and IFC for Infrastructure Note: this slide has been stolen from Christophe Castaing (EGIS)and Pierre Benning (Bouygues Travaux Publics)
Standard Forms of Elemental Cost Analysis for Civil EngineeringCOBRA, Las Vegas, 11-13th September 2012 Presented by: Joe Martin, BCIS Executive Director