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Lesson 9 – Imperatives and Declension Review Preview

Lesson 9 – Imperatives and Declension Review Preview. Before we begin please read pages 71-73 “Grammar” of your textbook. This will give you a preview of what you are about to learn. What is the function of an imperative? How are singular and plural imperatives formed?.

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Lesson 9 – Imperatives and Declension Review Preview

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  1. Lesson 9 – Imperatives and Declension ReviewPreview Before we begin please read pages 71-73 “Grammar” of your textbook. This will give you a preview of what you are about to learn. • What is the function of an imperative? • How are singular and plural imperatives formed?

  2. Lesson 9 – Imperatives and Declension ReviewForming and using imperatives • An imperative is used to give a command e.g. clean your room! • Imperatives in Latin can either be singular (commanding one person) or plural (commanding two or more people) • Singular imperatives are simply the present stem i.e. 2nd principal part minus the –re e.g. ama! love! • Plural imperatives are the present stem + te e.g. amate! love!

  3. Lesson 9 – Imperatives and Declension ReviewNoun-Adjective agreement • Nouns and their modifying adjective agree in three things: case, number, and gender • e.g. the feminine, accusative, singular noun “terram” must be modified by the feminine, accusative, singular form “bonam” • The Latin sentence can be rearranged any way and still mean the same thing – both “magnum equum et parvam puellam specto” and “magnum puellam et equum parvam specto” mean “ I see the large horse and small girl” • For now, 99% of the time the noun and adjective will have the same ending • Why is good sailor written “bonus nauta” and not “bona nauta” or “bonus nautus”? What other two words are similar? Paradigm for 1st / 2nd declension adjectives Masculine (S, Pl) Feminine (S, Pl) Neuter (S, Pl) Nominative magnus, magni magna, magnae magnum, magna Genitive magni, magnorum magnae, magnarum magni, magnorum Dative magno, magnis magnae, magnis magno, magnis Accusative magnum, magnos magnam, magnas magnum, magna Ablative magno, magnis magnā, magnis magno, magnis

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