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Chapter 18

Chapter 18. Vocabulary . an organization of workers formed to improve wages, benefits, and other conditions for the workers. labor union. tokens or paper certificates used in place of money. scrip.

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Chapter 18

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  1. Chapter 18 Vocabulary

  2. an organization of workers formed to improve wages, benefits,and other conditions for the workers labor union

  3. tokens or paper certificates used in place of money scrip

  4. an agreement between an employer and a worker in which the worker pledges not to join a labor union yellow-dog contract

  5. a tactic used by an employer in which the employer keeps workers out of the work place until they agree to certain terms or conditions lockout

  6. contains the names of individuals or companies to be avoided or punished blacklist

  7. workers’ refusal to work, usually as a protest against some grievance strike

  8. a severe, continued downturn in the economy marked by decreased business activity, unemployment, and falling prices and wages depression

  9. an order issued by a judge stating that something must or must not be done, such as an order forbidding picketing by a labor union on strike injunction

  10. a person who is willing to work for a company while its regular employees are on strike scab

  11. the practice of paying miners based on the specified amount of coal held in a coal car although the car had been altered to hold more than the amount specified cribbing

  12. the process of replacing workers with machines mechanization

  13. the use of military forces to keep order when civilian authority breaks down martial law

  14. a final statement of terms offered by one party to another, with the threat of force if the offer is not accepted ultimatum

  15. a legal example for the courts to follow precedent

  16. a process where unions and companies negotiate with each other for wages and working conditions collective bargaining

  17. to lessen, as a jail sentence commute

  18. programs enacted by Congress in the1930s at the urging of President Franklin D. Roosevelt; the programs were intended to bring about economic recovery, relieve the suffering of the unemployed, reform defects in the economy, and improve society New Deal

  19. federal legislation passed in 1933 that, among other things, set standards for wages and hours and gave workers the right to join unions and bargain collectively with employers; the U.S. Supreme Court declared the act unconstitutional in 1935 National Industrial Recovery Act

  20. federal legislation passed in 1935 that, among other things, established the National Labor Relations Board, which had the power to enforce workers’ right to join unions workers compensation: insurance for workers who become disabled on the job or who suffer from silicosis Wagner Act

  21. federal legislation passed in 1947 that restricted the power of labor unions; its provisions enabled the president to issue injunctions during strikes that endangered the health and safety of the country and permitted states to pass right-to-work laws Taft-Hartley Act

  22. a law that permits workers to get and keep jobs without having to join a union right-to-work law

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