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Adapting to Climate Change The Water Sector. Robert Morgan, Ph.D., P.E. Beaver Water District. Water Sector. Cost for Adapting to Climate Change through 2050. Drinking Water: $325 - $692 Billion Wastewater: $ 123 – $252 Billion Total Water Sector: $ 448 - $944 Billion.
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Adapting to Climate ChangeThe Water Sector Robert Morgan, Ph.D., P.E. Beaver Water District
Water Sector Cost for Adapting to Climate Change through 2050 • Drinking Water: $325 - $692 Billion • Wastewater: $ 123 – $252 Billion • Total Water Sector: $ 448 - $944 Billion National Association of Clean Water Agencies, 2009
Changing Hydrologic Cycle Warmer Temperature, more Evaporation Higher Absolute Humidity Frequent Extreme Precipitation Longer Dry Spells
Seasonal Pattern of Precipitation Shift toward Winter Drier Summers and Falls National Academies Press
Figure ES-1: Extreme Downpours Have Become More Frequent Across Much of the United States More Frequent Extreme Events • The biggest rainstorms and snowstorms are getting bigger National Academies Press Environment America
Water Availability National Academy of Sciences
ImpactHigher Temperature Wastewater Water Quality Receiving Stream DO Power Costs Water • Increased Domestic Water Use • Increased Irrigation Demand • Water Quality • Source Water • Algae • Taste and Odor • Toxins • Distribution System – Disinfection Byproducts
ImpactFrequent Extreme Events Wastewater Infiltration/Inflow Hydraulic Load Flooding Sewer Line Breaks Water • Water Quality • Turbidity and Sediment • Phosphorus Load • Treatability • Flooding • Service Outage • Water Line Breaks Other • Stream Erosion • Transportation • Flooding • Hydrologic Science
ImpactReduced Water Availability Wastewater Lack of Dilution in Receiving Stream Higher Cost of Treatment Water • Adequacy of Source • Increased Pumping Costs • Interstate/city Conflicts • Competing Uses • Domestic/Agriculture/Industry/ Recreation/Ecosystem • Potential Mandatory Conservation
ImpactLonger Drought • Reduced Water Supply • Increased Irrigation Demand • Declining Groundwater • Minimum Streamflow • Increased Domestic Water Demand • Potential Mandatory Water Conservation • Environmental Flows
Adapting to Climate ChangeDrinking Water Short-Term Flood Proofing Identify Critical Infrastructure Risk Assessment Long-Term • Source Development • Source Water Protection • Additional Treatment Facilities
Adapting to Climate ChangeWastewater Short-Term Identify Critical Infrastructure Risk assessment Flood proofing Illicit Discharge Detection Storm Sewer disconnects Long-Term • Flow Reduction Program • Infiltration/inflow management • Wet Weather Storage • Increased Treatment Capacity • Effluent cooling • Reuse and Recycling
Adapting to Climate ChangePublic Policy • No-Regrets Planning • Total Water Management • Consider the Resource Holistically • Source, Treatment, Waste, Storm, Environmental • Conservation, Reuse and Recycle • Green Infrastructure • Utilize Ecosystem Services • Rain Gardens, Wetlands, Swales, Green Roofs, Rainwater Harvesting, Permeable Pavement • Cooperative Emergency Response (ARWARN) • Continue to Refine Research
Summary More Frequent Floods but Reduced Water Availability Water Quality Issues Cost to Adapt is Significant Top-down and Bottom-up Strategies