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KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life. Many carbon-based molecules are made of many small subunits bonded together and are known as MACROMOLECULES. Four main types of carbon-based molecules or macromolecules are found in living things. Carbohydrates Lipids

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KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

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  1. KEY CONCEPTCarbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

  2. Many carbon-based molecules are made of many small subunits bonded together and are known as MACROMOLECULES

  3. Four main types of carbon-based molecules or macromolecules are found in living things. • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Proteins • Nucleic Acids

  4. Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

  5. Carbohydrates include sugars and starches. • Simple sugars. (one ring) • Complex Carbohydratesinclude starches, cellulose, and glycogen.

  6. Carbohydrates • Can be broken down to provide energy for cells. • Some carbohydrates are part of cell structure. Cell Wall

  7. Lipidsare made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. • .

  8. Lipids have many different functions. • Store energy • Make up cell membranes • Repel water

  9. The cell membrane is made of two layers of lipids along with carbohydrates and proteins.

  10. Lipids include fats, oils, cholesterol and wax. Cholesterol, wax =Solid @ room temp Fats=Solid @ room temp. Oils=Liquid @ room temp

  11. -Proteins contain C, H, O, Nitrogen and sometimes Sulfur. • Proteins are made by linking Amino Acids to form proteins. Amino Acid .

  12. hydrogen bond • Proteins are long chains of amino acid. • Proteins differ in the number and order of amino acids. • Amino acids interact to give a protein its shape. Simple……………………………………Complex

  13. Protein have many functions Antibodies - defend the body Muscles–movementEnzymes-speed up chemical reactions. Hormonal-- Insulin regulates glucose. Structural - hair, quills, feathers, horns, nails and beaks. Storage - egg whites; casein in milkTransport- hemoglobin transports oxygen

  14. Insulin Pump

  15. Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides. One Nucleotide

  16. Nucleotides are made of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphate

  17. DNA • There are two types of Nucleic Acids. • DNAstores genetic information. • RNA builds proteins RNA

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