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MICROBIOLOGY

MICROBIOLOGY. Bio 205. Microbiology. The branch of biology concerned with the study of microorganisms and their activities. Microorganisms can be:. unicellular multicellular acellular viruses viroids prions-proteinaceous infectious particle. Occurrence of Microorganisms. air we breathe

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MICROBIOLOGY

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  1. MICROBIOLOGY Bio 205

  2. Microbiology • The branch of biology concerned with the study of microorganisms and their activities

  3. Microorganisms can be: • unicellular • multicellular • acellular • viruses • viroids • prions-proteinaceous infectious particle

  4. Occurrence of Microorganisms • air we breathe • food we eat • on the human body • Only 1 in 10 cells of the body is human, the rest are microbial • A square centimeter of skin holds about 100,000 microbes • Humans are free of microbes until they pass through the birth canal • environments • extreme

  5. Activities of microorganisms • Destructive • Disease-EIDs (emerging infectious diseases) • Food spoilage • Eutrophication

  6. Beneficial Activities • Foods - SCP (single cell protein) • C, N, S, P cycles • Decomposition • Genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology) • Bioremediation

  7. Bioremediation - use of microbes to remove an environmental pollutant Eutrophication - the nutrient enrichment of large aquatic habitats caused directly or indirectly by human activities

  8. Haeckel’s 3 Kingdoms • Plant • Animal • Protista

  9. Eucaryotes vs Procaryotes

  10. Eucaryotes • True nucleus • nuclear membrane • more than 1 chromosome • chromosome replicated by mitosis • membrane-bound organelles ex. algae, fungi, protozoa, plants, animals

  11. Eucaryotic Cell

  12. Procaryotes • Nuclear area (nucleoid) • no nuclear membrane • 1 chromosome • no mitosis • ribosomes are the only membrane-bound organelles ex. bacteria (rickettsia, blue-green algae), archaea

  13. Procaryotic Cell

  14. Algae Fungi Protozoa Bacteria Archaea Viruses Major Groups of Microorganisms

  15. Description of Each • Eucaryotes or procaryotes? • Unicellular, multicellular or acellular? • Importance • Field of study

  16. Algae • Eucaryotes • Unicellular & Multicellular • Producers • Phycology

  17. Unicellular Alga

  18. Multicellular Alga Kelp

  19. Fungi • Eucaryotes • Multicellular except yeasts • Decomposers • Mycology

  20. Multicellular Fungi Amanita muscaria

  21. Unicellular Fungi

  22. Protozoa • Eucaryotes • Unicellular • Free-living or parasitic • Protozoology and Parasitology • protozoology - study of protozoa • parasitology - study of pathogenic protozoa & multicellular parasites (worms)

  23. Protozoa classified by means of motility • Amoeba - pseudopods ex.Entamoeba histolytica - amebic dysentery • Flagellates - flagella ex. Giardia lamblia - giardiasis • Ciliates - cilia ex. Paramecium • Sporozoa - nonmotile ex. Toxoplasma gondii - toxoplasmosis ex. Plasmodium - malaria

  24. Amoebas

  25. Amoeba Entamoeba histolytica Amebic dysentery

  26. Flagellate Giardia lamblia Giardiasis

  27. Ciliate Balantidium coli

  28. Sporozoa At least one million deaths per year worldwidehttp://www.cdc.gov/Malaria/impact/index.htm

  29. Sporozoa Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasmosishttp://www.cdc.gov/toxoplasmosis/epi.html

  30. Bacteria • Procaryotes • Unicellular • Photosynthesis, decomposition, parasites, biogeochemical cycles • Bacteriology

  31. Gram Positive Staphylococcus

  32. Gram Negative Escherichia coli

  33. Archaea • Procaryotes • Unicellular • Lack typical bacterial cell wall • Live in extreme environments • methanogens - produce methane • extreme thermophiles • extreme halophiles • Importance - geochemical cycles • Bacteriology

  34. Rickettsia • Procaryotes • Unicellular • Obligate intracellular parasites • Transmitted by insects & ticks ex. Rickettsia rickettsii - Rocky Mtn. Spotted fever • Bacteriology

  35. Viruses • Composed of nucleic acid + protein coat • Obligate intracellular parasites • Latency • Virology

  36. Adenovirus

  37. Bacteriophage

  38. Immunology • The study of the resistance of the living body to disease producing organisms and the reactions of living tissues to foreign substances • Resistance to disease • Vaccines • Allergies • Transplantation

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