WORLD HISTORY

1. Semester 1 Final Review V. Horvath 2010-11 WORLD HISTORY

2. Which was a key feature of early civilizations? • a. • cities • b. • social equality • c. • steel making • d. • a system of exchanging goods for money

3. Which of the following caused ancient civilizations to change? • a. • lack of traditions • b. • contact with other people through trade, warfare, and migration • c. • poor leaders • d. • nomadic herders

4. How did ancient Egyptians view their pharaohs? • a. • as gods • b. • as father figures • c. • as cruel rulers • d. • as equals

5. Sumer was made up of • a. • provinces. • b. • satrapies. • c. • independent city-states. • d. • two kingdoms.

6. The Code of Hammurabi was a major achievement for which of the following reasons? • a. • It was the first major collection of laws. • b. • It showed the first alphabet. • c. • It set forth the idea of the Mandate of Heaven. • d. • It led to the first empire in history.

7. The Aryans divided people into classes by • a. • age. • b. • occupation. • c. • race. • d. • sex.

8. The Mandate of Heaven is the idea behind which of the following? • a. • the feudal system • b. • ancestor worship • c. • the dynastic cycle • d. • the Shang social order

9. When did early people first begin to use stone tools? • a. • in the Old Stone Age • b. • in the Neolithic Age • c. • in the New Stone Age • d. • at the beginning of civilization

10. Which of the following aided cultural diffusion among ancient peoples? • a. • trade • b. • poor leaders • c. • new technology • d. • farming

11. The Egyptian pharaohs built pyramids as tombs during • a. • the Middle Kingdom. • b. • the Old Kingdom. • c. • the First Kingdom. • d. • the New Kingdom.

12. Which of the following used cuneiform for keeping records? • a. • Egyptian pharaohs • b. • Paleolithic nomads • c. • Sumerian scribes • d. • Hebrew prophets

13. A famous ruler of the kingdom of Israel was • a. • Ramses II. • b. • Shang. • c. • Hammurabi. • d. • Solomon.

14. The fact that the city of Mohenjo-Daro was carefully planned is evidence of which of the following? • a. • Its inhabitants worshiped the goddess of order. • b. • It had a well-organized government. • c. • It was ruled by the Sumerians. • d. • It produced a surplus of food.

15. The collection of prayers, hymns, and religious teachings called the Vedas provides most of what is known about • a. • the Egyptians. • b. • the Sumerians. • c. • the Aryans. • d. • the Phoenicians.

16. Which of the following was achieved by the Chinese? • a. • ironworking • b. • the horse-drawn chariot • c. • a writing system based on an alphabet • d. • silkmaking

17. The trade route that linked China with the west became known as the • a. • Buddhist Road. • b. • Silk Road. • c. • Bronze Route. • d. • Caravan Trail.

18. Alexander’s most lasting achievement was • a. • the conquest of India. • b. • a lasting empire. • c. • the spread of Greek culture. • d. • an alliance with Persia.

19. In the fields of art and literature, Romans were greatly influenced by the culture of • a. • Carthage. • b. • Gaul. • c. • Greece. • d. • Palestine.

20. Jesus proclaimed that his mission was to • a. • overthrow Roman rule. • b. • reject the Ten Commandments. • c. • bring spiritual salvation to believers. • d. • lead the Jews out of Palestine.

21. Athens thrived, and democracy and culture flourished, under the leadership of • a. • Pericles. • b. • Darius. • c. • Alexander. • d. • Themistocles.

22. A form of government controlled by a small, powerful elite from the business class is called a(n) • a. • monarchy. • b. • oligarchy. • c. • aristocracy. • d. • democracy.

23. Which of the following was not related to the decline of Rome? • a. • Germanic invasions • b. • the death of Augustus • c. • corrupt officials • d. • poverty and unemployment

24. Which of the following peoples united their empire with a road system that extended more than 12,000 miles? • a. • Incas • b. • Mayas • c. • Aztecs • d. • Olmecs

25. Native Americans in North America developed different cultures that were influenced by • a. • monotheism. • b. • the Incas. • c. • the environments in which they lived. • d. • the Greeks.

26. Under feudalism, lords granted land to vassals in exchange for which of the following? • a. • food • b. • farm labor • c. • service and loyalty • d. • housing

27. Why was the Magna Carta important? • a. • It approved money for wars in France. • b. • It asserted that the monarch must obey the law. • c. • It allowed the monarch to abolish Parliament. • d. • It limited the power of the pope.

28. The Byzantine empire preserved the cultural heritage of • a. • Greece and Rome. • b. • the Mongols. • c. • Russia. • d. • Western Europe.

29. What kind of government did Russian rulers develop? • a. • oligarchy • b. • democracy • c. • authoritarian or autocratic rule • d. • theocracy

30. Mongol rule in China was a time of • a. • peace and order. • b. • restricted trade. • c. • violence and oppression. • d. • widespread poverty.

31. Which of the following was a result of the Crusades? • a. • permanent conquest of the Holy Land by Christians • b. • religious tolerance in Western Europe • c. • increased trade in Western Europe • d. • the reunification of the Roman and Byzantine churches

32. Which of the following groups finally conquered the Byzantine empire? • a. • Ottoman Turks • b. • Latin Christians • c. • Seljuk Turks • d. • Arabs

33. Which of the following statements best describes the style of leadership that emerged in Russia in the Middle Ages? • a. • cooperative • b. • democratic • c. • compromising • d. • autocratic

34. According to the Five Pillars of Islam, every Muslim must • a. • read the Bible. • b. • believe in many gods. • c. • give to the poor. • d. • obey official priests.

35. Which of the following terms refers to parents and children living and working together? • a. • a nuclear family • b. • a clan • c. • a joint family • d. • a matrilineal culture

36. The Tokugawa shoguns created an orderly society by • a. • ending feudalism. • b. • forbidding trade. • c. • giving peasants greater freedom. • d. • imposing central government control on all Japan.

37. How did Johann Gutenberg’s invention, the printing press, affect Europe in the late 1400s and 1500s? • a. • Books quickly became collectors’ items and sold for very large sums of money. • b. • More people learned to read, and they gained access to a broad range of knowledge. • c. • The printing press provided hundreds of jobs for Chinese pressmen. • d. • Outraged rulers banned the use of the press, fearing it would be used for producing propaganda.

38. How did the Tokugawa shoguns react toward foreign traders? • a. • The Tokugawas welcomed the foreign traders. • b. • The Tokugawas imposed strict trade laws on the foreign traders. • c. • The Tokugawas barred all foreign traders. • d. • The Tokugawas decided to allow limited trade with foreign traders.

39. Which word or words BEST completes the following paragraph? • Britain and France were bitter rivals for power in the American colonies during the 1700s. Although France held more territory in America, the British colonies had more ____, which eventually ensured British dominance in North America. • a. • factories • b. • equal rights • c. • wealth and fertile farmland • d. • people

40. In the 1500s, why did the Atlantic slave trade begin? • a. • Smallpox had wiped out a large percentage of the male population in America. • b. • There was a need for labor in Spain’s American empire. • c. • The American colonies needed workers on cotton and tobacco plantations. • d. • Portuguese rulers wanted access to prosperous East African coastal cities.

41. How did the Constitution of the United States reflect the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers, such as Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau? • a. • It focused on art and literature from the Renaissance as well as government policies that had served populations well in earlier days. • b. • It reflected the thinkers’ ideas that human beings were corrupted by the evils of society and that they should make efforts to reduce these evils. • c. • The Enlightenment theory argued against placing too many limitations on people, so the framers of the Constitution established a government free of human restrictions. • d. • It viewed government in terms of a social contract and created an elected government rather than a hereditary monarchy.

42. How did the Age of Napoleon affect Europe? • a. • Europe was affected only slightly by cooperating with Napoleon and embracing the ideals of the French Revolution. • b. • Europe eventually defended itself against Napoleon’s advances, but his conquests spread many of the ideals of the French Revolution. • c. • European nations saw Napoleon’s armies as liberators and welcomed his advances. • d. • Napoleon won support of the upper classes, but peasants’ lands were taken away from them.

43. How did the Battle of Waterloo contribute to Napoleon’s downfall? • a. • His troops suffered a massive defeat after holding the enemy for nearly 40 days, forcing Napoleon to surrender. • b. • After retreating for 1,000 miles from Moscow, Napoleon was killed by his own soldiers. • c. • After losing nearly 30,000 men, Napoleon’s wife left him—a crushing blow from which he never recovered. • d. • His troops were crushed in a day-long battle, and Napoleon was forced to abdicate and to go into exile.

44. What two major developments in technology played an important role in triggering the Industrial Revolution? • a. • advances in military weapons and the invention of the automobile • b. • improved building materials and the discovery of coal • c. • the invention of the steam engine and improvements in producing iron • d. • the invention of the train and the improvement of roads across the nation

45. How did the introduction of the factory system affect workers’ daily lives? • a. • Factories provided a relief from farm work because workers performed far fewer tasks per day than farmers did. • b. • Factory work, with long hours and poor conditions, proved to be even harsher than farm work. • c. • Factory workers received higher salaries for their work and enjoyed year-round work rather than seasonal farm work. • d. • The factories’ machines required less maintenance and were much safer for children and women than the farm equipment.

46. The idea of divine right to rule • a. • caste • b. • Empire • c. • city-state • d. • Mandate of Heaven • e. • cultural diffusion • ab. • nomad • ac. • dynasty • ad. • Old Stone Age

47. The spread of ideas, customs, and technology from one people to another • a. • caste • b. • Empire • c. • city-state • d. • Mandate of Heaven • e. • cultural diffusion • ab. • nomad • ac. • dynasty • ad. • Old Stone Age

48. The earliest period of human history • a. • caste • b. • Empire • c. • city-state • d. • Mandate of Heaven • e. • cultural diffusion • ab. • nomad • ac. • dynasty • ad. • Old Stone Age

49. A group of states or territories controlled by one ruler • a. • caste • b. • Empire • c. • city-state • d. • Mandate of Heaven • e. • cultural diffusion • ab. • nomad • ac. • dynasty • ad. • Old Stone Age

50. Social group into which people are born and from which they cannot leave • a. • caste • b. • Empire • c. • city-state • d. • Mandate of Heaven • e. • cultural diffusion • ab. • nomad • ac. • dynasty • ad. • Old Stone Age