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Understanding Inclusion in Music Classrooms. Ryan M. Hourigan Ph. D. Ball State University. Definitions. Mainstreaming (older term) The inclusion of students with special needs into general education for a portion of the school day (Lewis & Doorlag, p. 424) Inclusion
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Understanding Inclusion in Music Classrooms Ryan M. Hourigan Ph. D. Ball State University
Definitions • Mainstreaming (older term) • The inclusion of students with special needs into general education for a portion of the school day (Lewis & Doorlag, p. 424) • Inclusion • “Meaningful participation of students with special needs in general education classrooms” (Lewis & Doorlag, p. 424)
Inclusion Philosophy • Review (for 360 students): • What influenced the ideas behind inclusion? • Why should we work to “include” students?
PL-94-142 IDEA • Six Basic Principles • FAPE (Free and Appropriate Education) • Nondiscriminatory evaluations • LRE (Least Restrictive Environment) • IEP • Parents have rights • Due Process • Amended several times since (86,90,97,&04)
A Team Approach • You are not responsible for all aspects of the education of a child with special needs • Consult members of the team • 360 review: Who are the members?
Three Areas of the Team • Pre-referral Team • Identifies possible problems • Assessment Team • Reviews a pre-referral and evaluates eligibility • IEP Team • Decides placement (LRE)
The Process • IEP (Individual Education Plan) • The Document (see handout) • The Meeting • If you have concerns, you are (by law) allowed to attend • Great place to meet the other professionals (therapists, psychologists, specialists) who you would normally not see
Classroom Behavior and Inclusion • “How do I teach my class when I am spending all of my time with this one student?”
Classroom Behavior and Inclusion • Organization • Includes direct rewards and consequences • Meaningful • Have them create rewards/consequences • “Triggers” • Environment • Anxiety • Is the behavior intentional?
Classroom Behavior and Inclusion • Your students are a part of your team! • Buddy up • Self Monitoring • Go over with student (and parent) • Assessment
Social Acceptance and Inclusion • Information can change attitudes • 360 Students: Tell me about this idea? • What was the attitude before 94-142? • Teachers/Administrators/Students
Social Acceptance and Inclusion • Model Appropriate Behavior • Zero tolerance • Coaching • See handout
Adaptation of Instruction • Trust your musicianship • “Think outside the box” • Consult the Team • All good teaching includes individualization of instruction (for all students)
Adaptation of Instruction • The IEP Document • Present level of academic functioning • 360 review? • Adaptation in other areas • Good teaching techniques apply • Modeling, guided practice, collaborative learning etc.
A Case Study • Elementary general music (8 students) • Self-contained class MIMH • Wheelcairs/mostly non-verbal • Concept: high/low fast/slow • Design a lesson • What activities can you do? • How would they demonstrate understanding?