President James Monroe

1. President James Monroe • Elected in 1816 (Democratic-Republican [Republican]) • Two Terms: 1816-1824 • “Era of Good Feelings” • Monroe Doctrine

2. John Quincy Adams • Monroe’s Secretary of State • Architect of the Monroe Doctrine • Wide experience in international politics • Brilliant thinker and politician • Son of 2nd president, John Adams and future president (1824-1828)

3. 1817 - Rush-Bagot Agreement Limited naval armament on Great Lakes Established unfortified boundary with Canada 1818 - British American Convention Established the US-Canadian border along the 49th parallel Signaled better relations with the British and British Canada 1819 - Adams-Onis Treaty (Florida Land Purchase) Andrew Jackson attacked raiders from Flrida Spain ceded Florida to the US Western boundary w/ Spain settled (New Spain) Spain nearly done as a colonial power Mexican Revolution of 1821 would oust Spanish rule and establish Mexican independence. “Treaties” w/ John Quincy Adams

4. The West and Northwest, 1819-1824

5. JQ Adams - Treaties

6. U.S.-British Boundary Settlement, 1818

7. Rush-Bagot Treaty

8. The Southeast, 1810-1819

9. The Monroe Doctrine • 1823 (Sec. Of State - John Quincy Adams) • No more European colonization in Western Hemisphere • US dominance of Western Hemisphere established

10. Implications in the Western Hemisphere • US dominance until the present • US role in Latin American affairs • European direct influence limited

11. Nationalism (Cultural and Political) and the Era of Good Feelings • Star-Spangled Banner (1814 Francis Scott Key) • Basically a one-party system (Democratic-Republicans) • Solidified American expansion and borders • Secured US as a respected nation • Growth of a national economy • Webster’s school speller • Various paintings of Revolutionary War heroes, etc.

12. The Era of Good Feelings

13. Tariff of 1816 - high tariff rates to protect US industry American System proposed by Henry Clay Panic of 1819 2nd Bank of US (BUS) - tighter money supply State banks closed = money deflated (lost value) Hardest hit was the WEST Changed politics Political changes as a result of economic changes: Changes in old Republican Party (Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans) Federalist party = Dead Splits emerge in (Jeffersonian) Republican party based on regional differences Economic Nationalism

14. Evolution of Major Parties

15. Panic of 1819

16. The American System (Henry Clay) • Henry Clay proposed an “American System” which called for: • Protective tariffs • National bank • Internal (transportation and infrastructural improvements •Not a formal ‘document’ or plan •Tariff and bank were in place. •National leaders differed on the spending of federal money on road-building and other improvements

17. Missouri - applied for statehood in 1819 Balance of free and slave states in question Tallmadge Amendment - limited attempt ot eliminate slaver in MO - angered southern states Henry Clay (Kentucky) proposed a compromise: 1. MO Admitted as a slaveholding state 2. Maine Admitted as a free state Louisiana Territory - north of 36˚ 30’ N - slavery prohibited Monroe signed in 1820 Missouri Statehood

18. Map 12.4: The Missouri Compromise and Slavery, 1820-1821

19. Map 8.3: The Missouri Compromise, 1820–1821

20. Map 9.3 The Missouri Compromise, 1820–1821 (p. 272)

21. The Missouri Compromise

22. The Transportation Revolution