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More on the Deep Sea

More on the Deep Sea. Monday, Sept. 7, 2014. Agenda. News Notes Whale article discussion. Whoa!. Sept. 5, 2014: Huffington Post Deep Sea “Mushrooms” Defy Classification in the Tree of Life Does not fit into any groups in the animal kingdom/links to other “animal” groups remains hazy

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More on the Deep Sea

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  1. More on the Deep Sea Monday, Sept. 7, 2014

  2. Agenda • News • Notes • Whale article discussion

  3. Whoa! Sept. 5, 2014: Huffington Post Deep Sea “Mushrooms” Defy Classification in the Tree of Life Does not fit into any groups in the animal kingdom/links to other “animal” groups remains hazy Deep sea Australia

  4. These types of findings rare • Discoveries like these 4/100 years • Related to comb jellyfish? • Also could be related to a group of organisms thought to be extinct • Medusoids; during Edicarian period (500 mya)

  5. New discoveries like these have broad implications • Reshape our classification of life and add bring valuable new information to theory of evolution

  6. Whale Fall Article • http://vimeo.com/29987934 • Break into groups of 5-6; discuss answers. • We will then go over the article as a class.

  7. Vocab We Haven’t Gone Over Yet • Isobaths: depth contours on an underwater map • Imaginary lines connects areas of equal depth

  8. To measure depth.. • In the past: sounding; heavy rope or cable over ship • Sidescan and Multibeam Sonar • LIDAR: remote sensing

  9. Review: Sidescan and Multibeam Sonar • Multibeam: timing between sound emitted and sound echo from seafloor • Sidescan: use of towfish tethered to ship. • Measures the strength of the echo. • Produces black and white images/photographs of seafloor. • Better for identifying objects.

  10. LIDAR • Remote sensing • Measures distance by illuminating a target with a laser and analyzing the reflected light • Satellites: see animation

  11. We have come a long way! First printed map of bathymetry (1853): USS Dolphin

  12. Besides mapping, why do we survey the seafloor? • Disaster response: survey depth or debris from storms below the surface of the water • Port and harbor maintenance • Understanding effects of coastal erosion

  13. Besides mapping, why do we survey the seafloor? • Offshore resource development • Fisheries habitat • Plate tectonic activity

  14. But use of sonar has its consequences.. • http://oceantoday.noaa.gov/soundsunderthesurface/

  15. Johnson Sea Link

  16. Johnson SeaLink • Built for Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution; 1971 • Crew of four; two separate compartments • Panoramic underwater view • Not for use at great depths

  17. Johnson Sea Link Disaster • Trapped in wreckage of USS Fred T. Berry for 24 hours • Explored as an artificial reef • Sea Link recovered, but death of two crew members (carbon dioxide poisoning)

  18. Later Career • Recovered the wreckage of the Space Shuttle Challenger after its destruction in 1986. 

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