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Earth’s Energy Budget of Solar Energy

Earth’s Energy Budget of Solar Energy. Purpose. To understand how Earth is heated from it major source the Sun. Reflection, absorption, and scattering of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum energy .

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Earth’s Energy Budget of Solar Energy

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  1. Earth’s Energy Budget of Solar Energy

  2. Purpose • To understand how Earth is heated from it major source the Sun. • Reflection, absorption, and scattering of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum energy http://www.sci.uidaho.edu/scripter/geog100/lect/02-energy-seasons-atmosphere/02-pt-1-solar-energy.htm

  3. Part 1 • What kinds of natural substances on Earth reflect solar energy? • Reflect: Snow, Water, Clouds • Data • Clouds vs. No Clouds in full greenhouse and dark soil. • 30 units are reflected by clouds • Where do the other 70 units go?

  4. Part 2 • Albedo: the percentage of solar energy reflected back by a surface • Which of the materials here (black soil, white sand, water) do you think are reflecting more radiation, and which are absorbing more? • Reflects: Water and white sand • Absorbs: Black soil and water absorbs more, but takes longer. • 50 absorbed by ground • 20 absorbed by atmosphere and clouds • Data • Temperature in soil and water

  5. Part 2 Continue • What happens to the solar energy while it is in the natural materials? • Short wavelengths (that don’t get absorbed by the atmosphere) make atoms vibrate (kinetic energy), which warms the ground. • The atoms release the energy as heat (infrared radiation - IR). • What happens to the energy after it is re-emitted from the ground as infrared radiation? • 12 units (longest waves) go into space

  6. Part 3 • Where does the rest of infrared radiation(IR)go? • Greenhouse gasses • H2Ov, CO2, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, and O3 • 8 units • Data • Greenhouse effect (Scattering) • Energy is released as IR and then is constantly absorbed and released by greenhouse gases = heat • Good thing • Greenhouse enhancement: adding to much CO2 • What happens when the sun goes down?

  7. Part 4 • Which material (water or soil) will release heat the fastest (and slowest)? • Soil will release it fast • Water absorbs more heat but releases it slowly • Data • Water temperature air temperature vs. Soil air temperature • Water temperature vs. soil temperature

  8. Mountain and Valley Breezes • Valley Breeze (Day) • Valleys heat faster than mountains = Warm air from valleys moves upslope. • Mountain Breeze (Night) • Mountains cool faster than valleys = cool air descend from mountains to valleys

  9. Land and Sea breezes • Sea Breezes (Day) • Water towards the land • Land heats up quicker than water • Land Breezes(Night) • Land towards the Water • Land cools quicker than water

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