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The Cold War: Living in the Atomic Age

The Cold War: Living in the Atomic Age. Characteristics of the Cold War. Presence of Atomic Weapons influenced diplomacy Who would control Eastern Europe? Communist USSR or Democratic US? US President Harry Truman very hostile to USSR Obsession with Containing Communism.

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The Cold War: Living in the Atomic Age

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  1. The Cold War: Living in the Atomic Age

  2. Characteristics of the Cold War • Presence of Atomic Weapons influenced diplomacy • Who would control Eastern Europe? Communist USSR or Democratic US? • US President Harry Truman very hostile to USSR • Obsession with Containing Communism

  3. Major Diplomatic Policies • Truman Doctrine, 1948 = Defense of “freedom” • Marshall Plan = Provided US support for Europe’s economic recovery, “Prosperity makes you free”

  4. East & West Germany Divide • Germany divided in 4 sections: Britain, France, US, and USSR all control 1 part • Berlin run by all 4 but located in USSR’s section • Berlin Airlift: US cargo planes drop supplies every 3 minutes • May 1949: West Germany separates from USSR’s East Germany

  5. Cold War at Home • Bomb shelters, bomb drills, “Sky Watchers”

  6. The “Red Scare” • (HUAC) House of Un-American Activities Committee uncovered members of the Communist Party • Executive Order 9835, “Federal Employee Loyalty Program,” 1947 : Banned members or sympathizers of the Communist Party from federal employment • 39 states had loyalty oaths

  7. The Hollywood Ten, 1947 • HUAC hearings exposed Communists in the Film Industry • People pressured to reveal names • Ten directors/writers/ actors sent to prison for contempt of Congress • Directors/writers/actors blacklisted

  8. The Pumpkin Papers: Alger Hiss and Whitaker Chambers • Whitaker Chambers: Editor of Time magazine, former Soviet agent • Chambers named Alger Hiss to HUAC, 1948 • Richard Nixon questions both at the hearing • Soviet document found in pumpkin • Hiss may have been framed

  9. Joseph McCarthy • Republican Senator from Wisconsin • Created hysteria over finding Communists in government

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