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The Cold War

The Cold War. Social Studies 10 Ms. Rebecca. The Cold War. Struggle between the U.S. and the Soviet Union after WWII. http://pyleoflist.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/sc_ussr_usa.jpg. Why was the war “cold”?.

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The Cold War

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  1. The Cold War Social Studies 10 Ms. Rebecca

  2. The Cold War • Struggle between the U.S. and the Soviet Union after WWII http://pyleoflist.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/sc_ussr_usa.jpg

  3. Why was the war “cold”? • Because neither the U.S. nor the Soviet Union ever declared war or fired weapons at one another. http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/thumb_168/1185456777EQ7bfy.jpg

  4. Why didn’t they just attack each other? • Because they both had nuclear weapons that could do HUGE amounts of damage. • If a nuclear war started, it could mean to destruction of the entire WORLD! http://notexactlyrocketscience.files.wordpress.com/2006/08/nuclear_fireball.jpg

  5. But didn’t the U.S. and the Soviet Union fight on the SAME side during WWII? • YES! They both wanted to defeat Germany during WWII BUT once Germany was defeated, the U.S. and the Soviet Union had VERY different ideas about how countries should be run. http://wwtwo.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/big-three.jpg

  6. Differences between the U.S. and the Soviet Union: • 1. Political Leadership • 2. Political Parties • 3. Economic differences

  7. 1. Political Leadership • The U.S. had a publicly elected president (democracy) • The Soviet Union had a self-appointed dictator (Joseph Stalin)

  8. 2. Political Parties • 1. The U.S. has many different political parties or groups of people who have different ideas about they way government should be run. Each party has the right to vote for the government to work a certain way. http://politicalpartypooper.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/elephant-donkey-boxing.jpg

  9. 2. Political Parties • 2. The Soviet Union has ONE political party: Communism (everyone MUST agree with EVERY communist idea) More details on communism to follow……… http://scrapetv.com/News/News%20Pages/Politics/images-2/communist-party-poster.jpg

  10. 3. Economic differences • The Soviet Union was socialist: the government owned and made all the decisions for all industries and businesses in the country. Individuals have no freedom or power in business.

  11. 3. Economic differences • The U.S. is capitalist: private companies are owned by individuals who make many of their own business decisions.

  12. Which economy is better? • There are pros and cons of both systems. • Problem: Both the U.S. and the Soviet Union though that EVERYTHING about the other’s system was wrong. Closed minded.

  13. More Problems for the Soviet Union • The Soviet Union lost more soldiers than any other country during WWII. http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_l8xeX8k9lgo/SInkXvVi92I/AAAAAAAAEkI/h0vPldUB67E/s400/Russia+WWII-Lamenting_the_dead.jpg

  14. More Problems for the Soviet Union • The Soviet Union didn’t want to be invaded by Germany again. • So they took control of ALL of the countries between the Soviet Union and Germany.

  15. It Worked! • By 1946 the Soviet Union controlled most of Eastern Europe. http://wapedia.mobi/thumb/e94e14613/en/fixed/470/295/CEMA_members.png?format=jpg

  16. Iron Curtain • Great Britain’s Prime Minister: Winston Churchill compared the divide between the western Europe (democratic) and Eastern Europe (communist) was like an iron curtain. http://opal.kent.ac.uk/cartoonx-cgi/image/standard/ILW1059

  17. The U.S. responds to the Soviet Union taking more land • After the Soviet Union gained control over more land in Eastern Europe, the U.S. worried that the Soviet Union was becoming too powerful. http://conservativecancer.com/Muscles.jpg

  18. So why do Americans hate communism so much? • It was the opposite of American idea of freedom and the opportunity to get rich.

  19. And why did people from the Soviet Union hate capitalism/democracy so much? • Because in the Soviet Union there were many poor people and a few rich people. All of the poor people hated that there were a few rich people who had all the money. They thought it was unfair and that everyone should be equal. That’s the idea behind communism http://anticap.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/the_abyss_of_inequality_307515.jpg

  20. Containment • The U.S. policy of trying to stop the spread of communism to other countries by the Soviet Union. • The policy said that the Soviet Union could keep the land it had already taken but had to stop taking MORE land. • Sound familiar?

  21. What other countries • Have been warned to stop taking more land? http://indianinthemachine.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/g23104b-9183535_std.jpg

  22. The Berlin Blockade • As you may remember, Berlin (the capital of Germany) was divided into 4 zones after WWII. • 3 zones in the were controlled by western (democratic) countries. This area was called: West Berlin • 1 zone in the east was controlled by the Soviet Union (communism). This area was called East Berlin

  23. Zones of Berlin

  24. The Berlin Blockade • Joseph Stalin didn’t want the western nations (the U.S.) to have ANY influence over East Berlin, so he tried to block all land transportation (cars, trains, walking etc) from West Berlin into East Berlin. This was called the Berlin Blockade.

  25. Problem with the Blockade • Much of the food and supplies to help the German people in all parts of Berlin came from the western nations (U.S.A.) • Remember, Germany needed help after they lost WII! http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_5LWf5RCLu-Y/SUwGkoKx7XI/AAAAAAAAAJM/bgFCTM1_JMU/s400/NoHelp.bmp

  26. Problem with the Blockade • If there was a blockade that meant that supplies could not get into East Berlin from western areas.

  27. Choices for the U.S. • The U.S. wanted to help the people in East Berlin so they decided to fly planes over East Berlin and drop supplies from the sky. This is called the Berlin Airlift. http://macdacwestretirees.org/macdacwestretirees/images/BerlinAirlift4.jpg

  28. Berlin Airlift • For 321 days, planes flew over East Berlin and dropped off supplies. • In May 1949, the Soviet Union lifted the blockade on East Berlin.

  29. The Berlin Wall • The city of Berlin remained divided. • Many people in East Berlin wanted to leave and go to West Berlin because they could buy more things and have more freedoms in West Berlin (democratic and capitalist)

  30. The Berlin Wall • The East Berlin government didn’t want people to leave because it would make them look bad. So, they built a wall between East Berlin and West Berlin to keep people from leaving the East. http://dreamofarlequin.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/berlin-wall.jpg

  31. The Berlin Wall • By 1961, up to 20,000 Eastern Berliners moved into West Berlin each month! http://www.aviewoncities.com/berlin/mauer.htm

  32. The Berlin Wall • If anyone was caught trying to cross over the wall into West Berlin they were shot. • 192 people were killed in an attempt to cross the border to the West. http://www.aviewoncities.com/berlin/mauer.htm

  33. The Berlin Wall • In 1989, the Cold War was ending and the border was re-opened between East and West Berlin. Berlin was united once again as a democratic government. http://www.pagefarm.net/wiki/images/d/dc/Openwall.jpg

  34. The Cold War Spreads Communism • Communism looked good to places like China and Vietnam. Why? Because there were many poor people living there.

  35. 2 Alliances were formed • 1. Formed in 1949: North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): Western nations that agreed to go to war against any country that attacked a country in NATO http://blog.kievukraine.info/uploaded_images/3775-712826.jpg

  36. 2 Alliances were formed • In 1955 the Warsaw Pact was an alliance formed with the Soviet Union and other Eastern European countries. http://www.axisglobe.com/Image/2005/11/15/warsawpactanim(1).gif

  37. Both sides • Both alliances tried to scare the other side by threatening nuclear war. http://mikeely.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/nuclear_warheads.jpg

  38. Choosing Sides • Europeans were divided. People started to choose sides in the conflict between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. • Western Europe sided with the United States • Eastern Europe sided with the Soviet Union

  39. Not everyone agrees • BUT, not everyone living in communist countries liked their government.

  40. Poland • In 1956 over 50,000 Polish workers went on strike. They wanted freedom from communist rule. The Soviet government forced them to stop striking. http://libcom.org/files/imagecache/article/images/library/poznan1.jpg

  41. Hungary • During the same year, people in Hungary started a rebellion against communism. Thousands of protestors were killed. The leader of the rebellion was later killed, as well. http://www.xtcian.com/hungar1.jpg

  42. Other parts of the Cold War • In addition to competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union in terms of who had better weapons, the two countries also competed in other ways……

  43. Better technology? • 1956: The first computer! http://www.plyojump.com/classes/images/computer_history/univac_1951.jpg

  44. Better Kitchens! http://faculty.umf.maine.edu/~walters/web%20104/cold-war-kitchen-debate.jpg

  45. Better Kitchens! http://www.kbbonline.com/kbb/photos/2007/10/dishwasher.jpg

  46. Sports! • Olympics: 1980 http://thegodzwas.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/hockeymiracle.jpg

  47. Space Race! • Both the U.S. and the Soviet Union had the first Space Programs. • Each country wanted to be the first to go into space. http://cold-war-killer-bees.wikispaces.com/file/view/300_14846.jpg/35372497/300_14846.jpg

  48. 1st Satellite • Sputnik • Russia 1957 http://www.colorado.edu/StudentGroups/CUSEDS/Events/WSW/2007/sputnik.jpg

  49. 1st dog in space • Russia: • Laika http://images.google.co.th/images?hl=en&um=1&sa=1&q=1st+dog+in+space&aq=f&oq=&start=0

  50. 1st moon landing! • U.S.A! • 1969 Apollo 11 http://www.thenalefamily.com/images/Default%20Page%20Graphics/apollo11_salute.jpg

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