80 likes | 273 Views
Liberalism in the United States. Born Equal and Participation. Alexis De Tocqueville on Equality, pg. 50 John Locke’s World is America Participation, toleration, and the prerequisites for democracy. James Madison and the Constitution of 1787. Avoiding tyranny of the majority or minority
E N D
Born Equal and Participation • Alexis De Tocqueville on Equality, pg. 50 • John Locke’s World is America • Participation, toleration, and the prerequisites for democracy
James Madison and the Constitution of 1787 • Avoiding tyranny of the majority or minority • Human Nature – A mob of Socrateses • The Problem of Faction • Ambition Countering Ambition • Extended Republic and Pluralism • Representation refines and enlarges public’s view
James Madison - Continued • Institutions – federal system, checks and balances, separation of powers • John C. Calhoun – Nullification • Safety Valves and the Question of Democracy • Suffrage – The trend toward majoritarianism
The Rising of the Imperial Presidency • Shift from legislature to people • Strengthening of Presidency and weakening of traditional liberal democratic ideal of limited government
The Rise of Majoritarian Liberalism • Extended Commercial Republic – Consensus for Change • Avoiding Revolution – majoritarian liberalism and the positive state • Majoritarianism in the British Tradition – Labor party and democratic socialism • Majoritarian Liberal Democracy in America – Negative and Positive State – The tensions between Liberty and Equality
Elite Theory • Iron Law of Oligarchy – Robert Michel • Economic Elites rule - C. Wright Mills • Normative Democratic Elitism – Joseph Schumpeter • A Contract for Justice – John Rawls