The Twenties Woman

1. The Twenties Woman 13.2 By: Anna Iouchmanov, Hae-na Jung, and Anagha Arunkumar

2. Zelda Sayre • Wife of F. Scott Fitzgerald • broke off engagement with Fitzgerald • Model for independent, unconventional, ambitious female characters

3. Young Women Change the Rules • 1920s • Begin to assert independence, reject previously-held values, and demand the same freedom as men

4. The Flapper • An emancipated young woman who embraced the new fashions and urban attitudes of the day • Became more assertive • smoking • drinking • Attitudes toward marriage changes • equal partnership

5. The Flapper

6. The Double Standard • A set of principles granting greater sexual freedom to men than to women • Required women to observe stricter standards of behavior than men did • Some protested the new morals • Traditionalists protested new casual dances and women smoking and drinking

7. Women Shed Old Roles at Home and at Work • New roles for women in workplace and new trends in family life

8. New Work Opportunities • Women continued to seek paid employment • Became teachers, nurses, or librarians • Earned less than men, never in managerial jobs • Handful broke old stereotypes

9. The Changing Family • Social and economic changes reshaped family • Margaret Sanger - founded American Birth Control League • decline in birth rates

10. The Changing Family • Social and technological innovations simplified labor and family life • Ready-made items available in shops • Freed homemakers from original responsibilities

11. Marriage and Children • Based more on romantic love and companionship • Children spent more time in school, not factories • Teens more rebellious • Socialized more with other teens • Spent less time with family

12. Conclusion Education and entertainment reflected the conflict between traditional attitudes and modern ways of thinking. Women gained more rights and were able to relieve themselves from some old stereotypes.

13. Education and Popular Culture(13.3) Jordan Singery

14. School Enrollment • 1914: about 1 million American students attended high school • 1926: rose to about 4 million • mostly college bound students went to high school Typewriting class in 1928

15. School Taxes • Taxes increased • Costs doubled from 1913-1920 and then again by 1926 • Total Cost was $2.7 billion a year for school funding

16. Gertude Ederle • The first woman to swim the English Channel in 1926 • Was only 19 years old

17. Babe Ruth • Player for the New York Yankees • Record of 60 home runs in 1927 • AKA the "Great Bambino"

18. Charles Lindbergh • made the first non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean • took off on May 20, 1927 in the Spirit of St. Louis • flight lasted 33 hours and 29 minutes

19. Charles A. Lindbergh Continued • America made him their idol • became very famous

20. "The Jazz Singer" • The first major movie with sound • released in 1927

21. Walt Disney's "Steamboat Willie" • The first animated film with sound • released in 1928

22. Talkies • movies with sound • doubled movie attendance • millions of americans going every week

23. Eugene O'Neil • play writer • The Hairy Ape, one of his plays • forced americans to reflect on modern isolation, confusion, family conduct

24. F. Scott Fitzgerald • wrote The Side of Paradise and The Great Gatsby • the two books showed the negative side of the period's gaiety and freedom • portrayed wealthy and attractive people leading imperiled lives in gilded surroundings

25. Gertude Ernest • joined a group known as the Lost Generation • group moved to Paris because they were soured by American culture

26. Ernest Hemingway • wounded in WWI • best-known expatriate author • The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms • the novels criticized the glorification of war

27. The Harlem Renaissance Chapter 13.4 Gwen Lindberg, Julie Choe, Natalie Miller, Brittany Burmester, and Sravanthi Chintakunta

28. The Harlem Renaissance • A literary and artistic movement • celebrated the history and culture of African Americans • began in Harlem, in the Upper West Side of Manhattan, but spread to cities all around the United States

29. Black is Beautiful • Influenced the Great Migration • started the move to cities and urban areas • began the formation of ghettos - where Negroes are in the majority, and where majority means power.

30. NAACP • Protested racial violence • Made anti-lynching a priority • James Weldon Johnson

31. Marcus Garvey • Universal Negro Improvement League • Legacy: Black pride, Independence, and Reverence for Africa • Believed in a Black Society

32. UNIA • Universal Negro Improvement Association • believed African-American's should form their own society • support died away when founder was jailed

33. Music of the HR • Fletcher Henderson's Band/Orchestra • Josephine Baker • Louis Armstrong • Edward Kennedy Louis Armstrong

34. Performers of the HR • Paul Robeson • Bessie Smith • Florence Mills • Josephine Baker • Mabel Mercer • Cab Calloway famous jazz music night club located in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City which operated from 1923 to 1940

35. That's a wrap! • The Harlem Ren. took place in Harlem NY • "Black is Beautiful" showed that people took pride in themselves • NAACP was successful during this time • Marcus Garvey founded UNIA • Many musicians and performers during this time