New Process Qualification

1. New Process Qualification Use of Electrolyte and Corrosion Models Narasi Sridhar October 2007

2. What is Technology Qualification DNV’s definition of Technology Qualification: “The process of providing the evidence that the technology will function reliablywithin specific limits”

3. Why Technology Qualification? • Manufacturer/Designer of New Technology: Assurance of feasibility and fitness for purpose • Integrator of System: Assessment of system reliability • End-user: Selection of technology, ROI evaluation • Regulator: Confirmation of safety assessments

4. QUALIFICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGY • DNV-RP-A203 Qualification Procedures for New Technology • Describes a recommended work process for qualifying technology • A public document which can be applied by anyone • A revised version in draft form – apply to process qualification • DNV-OSS-401Technology Qualification Management • A description of DNV’s own services directed towards the work process in DNV-RP-A203 • Internal objective: To unify the services within DNV worldwide • External objective: To support agreement of scope-of-work

5. Technology Assessment according to DNV RP-A203 1: Proven technology 2 - 4: New Technology What is New Technology? Cellulosic ethanol production Carbon capture Sulfuric Acid Plant

6. Qualification Work Process Define Qualification Basis Technology Assessment Report Technology Qualification Plan Technology Qualification Report Technology Assessment TA Failure Mode Identification and Risk Ranking TQP Concept Improvement Statement of Feasibility Statement of Endorsement Certificate of Fitness for Service Selection of Qualification Methods Yes No Probability of Success Evaluation (PoS) Analysis and Testing Reliability Assessment TQ? Project Execution Phase NT Fall-back or hold Technology Qualification Management Milestones DNV deliverables Use of simulation tools

7. Application of Models • New processes do not have well established performance history • Reliance on similar process experience • “Generic” equipment experience • Simulations can help • Understand process chemistry, speciation, other stream parameters • Identify materials performance issues through corrosion modeling • Identify data needs • Simulations need to be combined with field experience and laboratory data

8. Example of Process qualification – CO2 Capture • Post combustion CO2 capture technologies involve well-known processes – amine absorption approach • New amines, proprietary activators, new design, etc. • Corrosion occurs in pre-absorption units through condensation of water

9. Issues • Effect of CO2 and water concentration • Effect of other gases (N2, O2, SOx, NOx etc.) • Effect of chlorides, hydrochlorides • Effect of flow and impingement • Effect of activators

10. Modeling Amine Absorption System Veevab and Aroonvilas, 2002 Limitations: Does not consider passivity, localized corrosion and does not consider Concentrated electrolytes and other components

11. Corrosion of CO2 Absorber Column • Corrosion observed opposite gas inlet point • Suspected water condensation along with chlorides and amines • No significant corrosion without water From T. Ramgopal et al., to be Published in CEST

12. Effect of Water on Corrosion Corrosion of carbon steel in MDEA From, T. Ramgopal et al., CEST

13. Effect of Chloride • MEA hydrochloride increases active dissolution in the presence of water • Simulation of the hygroscopic tendency of the amine hydrochloride • Significant effect of hydrochloride compared to MDEA plus chloride (even with CO2) Data from present work

14. Effect of Water Water affects active-passive transitions

15. Summary • DNV new technology qualification procedure is being used for process qualification • Electrolyte simulation tools, such as OLI Analyzers are useful in understanding the chemistry of processes • OLI Corrosion Analyzer may be used to simulate corrosion, thus extending the qualification capabilities • Laboratory electrochemical data needed • Populate the parameter database • Verify simulation results