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linguistic etiquette gabriele kasper

Issues on Politeness. First-order politeness vs. Second-order politenessCooperative PrinciplePositive face vs. Negative faceVariables in linguistic etiquetteDiscourse context. First-order politeness-as a folk notion-do's and dont's-social norm view-data . Second-order politeness-located within a theory of social behavior and language use.

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linguistic etiquette gabriele kasper

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    1. Linguistic EtiquetteGabriele Kasper -Kiho Baek-

    3. First-order politeness -as a folk notion -do’s and dont’s -social norm view -data Second-order politeness -located within a theory of social behavior and language use First-order politeness vs.Second order politeness

    5. Grice’s Cooperative Principle In ordinary conversation, speakers and hearers share a cooperative principle Maxims of quality, quantity, relevance, and manner A set of norms expected in conversation Economical and efficient Politeness as motivating force for maxim violation (Brown &Levinson, 1987)

    6. Politeness and Face Face: the public self-image that every member of society wants to claim for himself (Goffman, 1967) Each member of society has negative face and positive face that are at risk by face-threatening acts. Face-threatening acts need to be counterbalanced by appropriate, redressive action, or politeness. Negative politeness strategies and positive politeness strategies.

    7. Positive face and Negative face Negative face: the rights to territories, freedom of action and freedom from imposition wanting your actions not to be constrained or inhibited by others. Positive face: the positive consistent self-image that people have and their desire to be appreciated and approved of by at least some other people.

    8. Positive and Negative politeness Example of Positive politeness -You must be hungry. It’s a long time since breakfast. How about some lunch? Example of Negative politeness -If you don’t mind, I… -I just want to ask you if…

    9. Variables in Linguistic Etiquette Social power Social hierarchies Age Gender Language impairment Social distance Intimates and strangers

    10. Discourse Context Institutional discourse Courtrooms, medical discourse, academic advising, and so on. Workplace communication Business negotiation, organizational interaction Interpersonal discourse Family dinner Discourse in different media Telephone conversation Written discourse Request letter, narratives

    11. Discussion Question 1 How do you show politeness to your parents, the elder, boss and professor in your society? -Western vs. Asian. Question 2 Have you ever felt offended by impolite action or speech from different cultural background?

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