The Integument System

1. The Integument System By Corey Riske And Damir Veljacic

2. Terms • dermis-The sensitive connective tissue layer of the skin located below the epidermis, containing nerve endings, sweat and sebaceous glands, and blood and lymph vessels. Also called corium, cutis, derma1. • epidermis-The outer, protective, nonvascular layer of the skin of vertebrates, covering the dermis. • An integument or outer layer of various invertebrates. • The outermost layer of cells covering the leaves and young parts of a plant. • keratin-A tough, insoluble protein substance that is the chief structural constituent of hair, nails, horns, and hooves • epithelial cells- n : one of the closely packed cells forming the epithelium • adipose tissue-A type of connective tissue that contains stored cellular fat. • sweat glands- The fluid which is excreted from the skin of an animal; the fluid secreted by the sudoriferous glands; a transparent, colorless, acid liquid with a peculiar odor, containing some fatty acids and mineral matter; perspiration • sebaceous glands-Pertaining to, or secreting, fat; composed of fat; having the appearance of fat; as, the sebaceous secretions of some plants, or the sebaceous humor of animals. • hair- Any of the cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal.

3. Difference Between Burns • First DegreeThis type of burn causes the skin to become red but causes very little swelling and no blistering. People most often get first-degree burns when a small amount of hot water is accidentally splashed onto the skin or when they stay out in the sun a little too long without adequate sunscreen. Although these burns are painful, they heal within three to five days without scarring. • Second DegreeThese are also called partial thickness burns. Superficial second-degree burns cause the destruction of the upper layer of the skin, the epidermis, and a minor portion of the second layer, the dermis. These burns are particularly painful because they expose the microscopic nerves of the skin. These burns are more pink because of the exposure of tiny blood vessels just under the burned skin. These blood vessels often become "leaky," giving these burns a weepy appearance. In addition, second-degree burns can become quite swollen. Healing takes about two weeks and usually causes little if any scarring. • Third DegreeThese burns destroy the epidermis and most if not all of the dermis. Because the nerves of the skin are destroyed with these layers, these burns may actually be less painful. They usually have a pale or charred appearance. These burns are quite susceptible to infection. Healing usually requires skin grafting and leaves scars.

4. Skin Related Diseases • Atopic Dermatitis-eczema Atopic dermatitis or eczema is an itchy, dry, hypersensitive skin disorder affecting many people. It is common in children but can occur at any age. It is not infectious or contagious. Treatment- Your dermatologist can usually help you by prescribing external remedies (corticosteroid creams are most effective). Use the creams sparingly. Do not use strong steroid creams for long periods as over-use will harm the skin. Use weak steroid creams when your eczema is mild. Oral medication (sedatives, antihistamines and sometimes, antibiotics by mouth) to control the itching and baths with diluted potassium permanganate are helpful.

5. Skin Related Diseases Continued • Birthmarks- Strawberry haemangiomas • These are overgrown or enlarged blood vessels which unlike portwine stain grow very rapidly after birth but often fade away with time.

6. Skin Related Diseases • Spider veins • Like strawberry haemangiomas, spider veins are overgrown or enlarged blood vessels on the skin. They contain a central large blood vessel with tiny vessels radiating from the centre, hence the name.