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Global Impacts of League of Nations Failure and Economic Shifts Post-WWI

Explore the League of Nations' failures, economic shifts post-WWI, and rise of totalitarian regimes with impacts in the USA, Europe, Russia, and Japan. Understand the Stock Market Crash of 1929 leading to the Great Depression and subsequent political developments worldwide.

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Global Impacts of League of Nations Failure and Economic Shifts Post-WWI

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  1. League of Nations • What did it do? • Established the mandate system • Mandates – former colonies/territories of defeated Central Powers administered by mainly France and Great Britain. • Iraq, Palestine, Lebanon, and Syria are examples of mandate territories

  2. League of Nations • Why did it fail? • United States did not become a member – US wants to “isolate” itself from Europe (isolationism) • L of N did not have the power to enforce its decisions

  3. United States • Wanted isolation from the rest of the world. • Dominant world economy after WWI • Led to economic “boom” = immense prosperity. • People borrowed money on credit for goods and stocks.

  4. Great Britain • Horrors of war deeply impacted British society and economy. • Lost factory jobs to USA and Japan • Labour Party (worker’s party) won general elections in the 1920’s.

  5. France • Devastated by WWI • Economic hardship • High unemployment, gov’t nearly bankrupt • Political chaos • No party could get a majority • Horrors of War • 50% of men ages 18-32 killed in war

  6. Italy • Resented Treaty of Versailles • Did not give enough rewards to Italy • High unemployment and inflation • Political and economic chaos led to the election of Mussolini and his Fascist government in 1924.

  7. Germany • Anger and Resentment over the Treaty of Versailles. • Weimar Republic - democratic gov’t elected in 1919. • Reparations caused economic hardships in Germany • Loans from the US led to a period of relative prosperity in the 1920’s. • But…Political unrest still occurs… • Rise of Adolf Hitler

  8. Russia • Lenin’s NEW ECONOMIC POLICY • Changes name – now U.S.S.R • Lenin Dies » Stalin in power • 1st FIVE YEAR PLAN • Industrialization • Collectivization

  9. Japan • After WWI – felt West did not treat it as an equal. • Industrialization – need for raw materials • Wanted more control in China • Increasingly nationalistic and militaristic

  10. TURNING POINT The Stock Market Crash

  11. The Stock Market Crash • Causes • Overproduction in USA – prices go down sharply • Excessive dependence on credit to buy goods and stocks – people cannot pay debts • High protective tariffs stifle world trade

  12. The Stock Market Crash • OCTOBER 1929 • Banks call in loans • People unable to pay off their credit bills • Stock prices tumble • Businesses start to fail, laying off workers • RESULTS IN…

  13. The GREAT DEPRESSION • WORLDWIDE effects • Production of goods cut around the world • Prices, Salaries, and Wages fell (Deflation) • Many workers lost their jobs • 13 million in the USA alone

  14. United States • Franklin D. Roosevelt elected Pres. in 1932 • NEW DEAL –Fed gov’t would spend money, put workers back to work. • Regulated banks, stock market • Social security and unemployment insurance

  15. France • Fascists and Communists constantly battled for influence among workers • 1934 – Socialist-led gov’t comes to power • Passed many laws that benefited workers and farmers

  16. Germany • 1929 – Hitler appeals to German workers - He can bring back economic prosperity/German national pride (nationalism). • 1930’s – NAZI’s win big in elections • 1933 – Hitler is appointed “Chancellor” or leader of the German gov’t

  17. Russia • Results of the FIVE YEAR PLAN • Workers work for little, no pay • Food is scarce • Famine • 1930’s - Great Purge – Stalin tries to “eliminate” his “enemies”

  18. Japan • Japan dependent on US market – Great Depression in USA carried to Japan • Millions unemployed, starving • Military leaders promised stable leadership and national pride (nationalism) • Eyed imperial expansion in Asia

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