1 / 24

Biogeography

Biogeography. Zoogeographic Regions. The Distribution of Birds. Vicariance on order or family level No Pangea connection for modern birds. The Distribution of Birds. Gondwanaland / Laurasia May have affected two lineages in late Jurassic – Cretaceous. The Distribution of Birds.

santos
Download Presentation

Biogeography

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Biogeography

  2. Zoogeographic Regions

  3. The Distribution of Birds • Vicariance on order or family level • No Pangea connection for modern birds

  4. The Distribution of Birds • Gondwanaland / Laurasia • May have affected two lineages in late Jurassic – Cretaceous

  5. The Distribution of Birds • Archaeopteryx • Liaoningornis • Isolated Oriental • 1  Strong connection among southern continents • 2  Strong connection among Holarctic

  6. Southern Connection • Connects the older lineages • Explains distributions of families/orders • Ethiopian • Neotropical • Australasian

  7. Southern Connection • Ratites (flightless) • Penguins (flightless) • Neotropics, Antarctic, Australasian, Ethiopian

  8. The Distribution of Birds • Hesperonis • Ichthyornis • Enantiornithes • Ancient shorebird order, few others? • Isolated Oriental

  9. Worldwide Lineages (flying) • Psittaciformes (Parrots) • Columbiformes (Pigeons) • Galliformes (Pheasants & Quail) • Cuculiformes (Cuckoos)

  10. Worldwide Lineages

  11. Worldwide Lineages (flying) QUAIL PARROTS

  12. Greenland Connection – 65 MYA • Tropical Connection • Climate change shifts distributions • Neotropical, Ethiopian, Oriental • Family Level • Trogons, Barbets

  13. Bering Connection (recent) • Originally Boreal • Currently Tundra • No holarctic connection for temperate biomes • Lots of genus and species

  14. Holarctic Connections Many Temperate Connections Due to Convergence All Similarities in Passerines Boreal / Tundra Bering Connection Tropical Greenland Connection

  15. Panama Connection ~ 6 MYA • Genus level • Warm Species • Both Directions • Latitudinal vs. Longitudinal dispersion

  16. Borneo Connection ~ last 15 MY • Wallace’s Line • nature of ease of movement • One-way Movement • Monarch Flycatchers • Bee-eaters

  17. Temperate Convergence Eastern Meadowlark Yellow-throated Longclaws

  18. Temperate Convergence African Black-headed Oriole African Golden Oriole Orchard Oriole Black-crimson Oriole Audubon’s Oriole Altamira Oriole

  19. Tropical Convergence Bee-eater Jacamar

  20. Tropical Convergence Hornbill Toucan

  21. Tropical Convergence Sunbird Hummingbird

  22. Diversity • Australia • Isolated 50 – 15 MYA • Passerine radiation • Indian (Oriental) • 150 – 45 MYA • Few endemics • S. America • 65 – 6 MYA

  23. Diversity • Africa • Similar fauna in arid and tropic regions • Ineffective Barriers • Vicariant events • Palearctic / Nearctic • Size • Temperate Species

  24. Waterbirds Gulls Shorebirds Seabirds Rails Herons Ducks Mobile Landbirds Hawks Owls Swallows Swifts Worldwide Distribution

More Related