English Final

1. English Final By: Kayla Lambert PD7

2. Jane Austen • Jane Austen was born on December 16, 1775. Her parents are Reverend George Austen and Cassandra Austen. She was the seventh child out of eight. Her sister Cassandra and she were the only girls out of the eight, so they formed a tight bond with each other. • Jane was home schooled by her father, George, until she was eight years old. When Jane was eight she and her sister were sent off to boarding school for their educations. They would learn foreign language, dancing and music. When they would return home their father and brothers would take over to teach them from what they know themselves. Jane Austen’s dad belonged to a church so he had a big collection of books in his library. George let both of the girls read these books to further their reading and writing interests. The Austen family played out famous plays and writings, these exercises helped Jane apply her more to her writings. • Jane started to keep notebooks and there was three specific ones that were put together and called Juvenilia. In 1789, Jane wrote Love and Friendship, she was leaning towards writing a little bit more seriously. The idea of comedy plays like Happy Man failed and he wrote a novel in epistolary form called Susan. • In 1795, Tom Lefroy was introduced to Jane and they fell madly in love. Tom’s family did not approve since he was supposed to be in London to study but instead he was focusing on their relationship. Whenever he was in town his family made sure they did whatever they could to keep them from ever seeing each other again. • Her novel Pride and Prejudice was rejected by Thomas Cadell, when Jane’s father tried to get the novel published. By 1798 all revisions were made to Elinor and Marianne. In 1800, Jane’s father announced he was retiring from the clergy. This meant the Austen family would be moving away from Steventon to Bath. Jane’s brother Henry visited Benjamin Crosby to try and publish Susan, Crosby promised it would be published but it never was. January 21, 1805 George Austen died from a sickness; this would take a toll on the Austen family and Jane’s work. In 1813, Henry Austen got Egerton to publish Jane’s book Sense and Sensibility. The beginning of 1816, Jane noticed a decrease in her health but set her worries to the side because of her work. In April Jane was signed to bed side and her work suffered because of it. Jane’s brother and sister got her medical help and sent to Winchester for treatment. Jane died in Winchester with her thoughts of her untouched work on July 18, 1817. The strong-willed and driven woman that played in her stories resembled Jane Austen.

3. Austen’s novels • Northanger Abbey Jane Austen's first major novel was written in 1798-99, when she was in her early twenties. It is a comic love story set in Bath about a young reader who must learn how to separate fantasy from reality. Miss Austen sold the novel (then entitled Susan) to a publisher in 1803, and the work was advertised but never published. She bought it back many years later, and her brother Henry Austen published the novel as Northanger Abbey after her death in 1817. • Sense and Sensibility Sense and Sensibility was the first of Jane Austen's novels to be published. She began to write it sometime around 1797, and she worked on it for many years before its publication in 1811. The title page said that it was written "By a Lady", and only her immediate family knew that Jane Austen was the author. Impetuous Marianne Dashwood tumbles into a fairytale romance that goes sour, and her practical older sister Elinor copes with the family's financial problems while hiding her own frustrated romantic hopes. The book was a success, and it even earned a profit! • Pride and Prejudice Pride and Prejudice was first written in the late 1700's, then rewritten in 1811-1812 and finally published in early 1813. It is probably the most-read of all of Jane Austen's novels and is a popular favorite among many. Originally entitled First Impressions, the novel deals with the misjudgments that often occur at the beginning of an acquaintance and how those misjudgments can change as individuals learn more about each other. • Persuasion Persuasion was written in 1815-1816, while Jane Austen was suffering from her fatal illness. She was still working on some revisions at the time of her death in 1817. The novel was published posthumously by her brother, Henry Austen. Persuasion is a novel of second chances, expectations of society, and the constancy of love. You can also read the preface which Henry wrote telling the world of his sister's authorship, life, and untimely death: [[/persuade/preface.htm|A Biographical Notice of the Author]].

4. Austen’s novels continued • Mansfield Park Mansfield Park was written between February, 1811 and the summer of 1813. It was the third novel Jane Austen had published and it first appeared on May 4, 1814. During her lifetime, it was attributed only to "The author of Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice", and the author's identity was unknown beyond her family and friends. It is Jane Austen's most complex novel and deals with many different themes, from the education of children, to the differences between appearances and reality. The version of the novel housed here at Austen.com is slightly annotate lovers' Vows: This is the play that the Bertrams wish to enact in the first volume of Mansfield Park. In addition to the text of the play, a synopsis is provided here, as well as a short analysis explaining some of the objections to the play within the novel and a cast list. • Emma Emma was written in 1814-1815, and while Jane Austen was writing it, it was suggested to her by a member of the Prince Regents' household that she dedicate it to His Royal Highness. Austen took the suggestion as it was intended--as a command--and Emma was thus dedicated, but the dedication itself is rather slyly worded. Emma deals with a young woman's maturation into adulthood and the trouble she gets herself into along the way. The version of the novel housed here at Austen.com is slightly annotated.

5. Literary devices in Pride and Prejudice • Theme is “a unifying or dominant idea” (www.Dictionary.com). A theme that used throughout the book is pride. Pride tends to not allow the characters from seeing the real truth. One example is pride gets in the way of Darcy’s and Elizabeth’s marriage because Darcy comes from such a high society so anyone outside of it is nothing to him. Another example is Elizabeth’s feeling give her misjudgment when it comes to Wickham and Darcy. She thinks highly of Wickham, even though he’s the bad one and Darcy is the good one, letting her pride get in the way. Third example is when Elizabeth denies Darcy every time because he is stuck up and snobby. Darcy then changes and you can see this change when he is nice to the Gardiners. • The theme pride, is important in Pride and Prejudice because everyone feels like they can just look at people differently because they did not come from their social class and this will end up ruining relationships. A quote of the theme pride is “and I could easily forgive his pride, if he had not mortified mine” (Pride and Prejudice 11). • Symbolism is “the practice of representing things by symbols or of investing things with a symbolic meaning or character” (www.Dictionary.com). Pemberley is this beautiful estate that Darcy owns and it really intrigues Elizabeth. One example is the beautiful scenery of Pemberley really captures Elizabeth, when her feelings for Darcy are warm. This place will then resemble the gifts she will receive from its owner. Another Example is the stream that flows, this symbolizes Darcy’s personality. Austen describes that the stream is real and alive and that nothing fake takes over. Just like Darcy’s personality his importance is taken over by his rude behavior but there is still a honest man inside of him. Third example is when Elizabeth crosses the bridge at Pemberley, this will then represent the bridge of love they have to cross because their societies had built it for them. • Symbolism is important because little things can symbolize big things. Like the prejudice in this novel and how nothing will get in the way of two lovers. One example is “Mr. Collins was not a sensible man, and the deficiency of nature had been but little assisted by education or society” (Pride and Prejudice 45). This means that the messed up part of nature tries to belittle society that is supposedly “good enough.”

6. Literary devices continued • Conflict is “to come into collision or disagreement” (www.Dictionary.com). Conflict is used in Pride and Prejudice a couple of times, especially when society views got in the way. One example is all three daughters are supposed to marry, this causes so many conflicts with each of their companions because the men are rich and the Bennets are not and society says this should not be allowed. Another example is Lydia’s elopement to Wickham because Elizabeth had feelings for Wickham but Darcy was intrigued by her so he talked Wickham to marry Lydia instead so he could have Elizabeth. Third example is all the challenges that society as created for Darcy, he has to face every one of them to prove his love to Elizabeth. • Conflict is important because if someone truly wants someone else or something, they will fight for it, facing what problems come their way. One example of conflict is “it is truth universally acknowledged, that as single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife” (Pride and Prejudice 1). This very quote is basically what sets up all the conflicts. I say this because Mrs. Bennet thinks her daughters are the greatest I mean which mother would not, with that being said the only conflict is that society would play as a blockage. Society in the 19th century believed that the rich were rich and the poor was poor and that that was who belonged with whom.

7. Literary devices in Sense and Sensibility • Theme is “a unifying or dominant idea” (www.Dictionary.com). A theme that used throughout the whole book is romance. One example is when Marianne knows how the Colonel feels about her but she feels as though he is too old and will not be able to enjoy the things she does, but in the end they end up married. Another example is when Willoughby first meets Marianne, she thinks he is her knight and shining armor because he carried home but that was a lie because he never talked to him again. Third example is Marianne believed she can only be in love once but she fell for Willoughby, which was a mistake but then she ended up falling in love for the Colonel.Theme are all important when it comes to novels whether they are romance or society because there will be reasons why the romance or society problems have occurred. One example is “his appearance however was not unpleasing, in spite of his being in the opinion of Marianne and Margaret an absolute old bachelor” (Sense and Sensibility 22). Even though Marianne thought this, it did not stop her from falling in love with him.Irony is “the use of words to convey a meaning that is opposite of its literal meaning” (www.Dictionary.com). Irony is used throughout this novel and sometimes it can make or break situations. One example is when Lucy wants Robert instead of Edward because Robert was now promised the fortune since their mom has disinherited Edward

8. Personal review(Pride and Prejudice) • From the start I was excited to read this book just because it was a romance novel and I enjoy those. In Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen narrowly focuses on love, romance and society. • There is also irony in this novel because every reader expected Jane and Mr. Bingley to have a happy life and get married but Jane receives a letter stating that Mr. Bingley is in love with Darcy’s sister. • As well for irony when Elizabeth and Wickham’s chemistry with each other builds up, everyone in the town is talking of a wedding but little did they know Wickham was with Elizabeth’s sister Lydia. • So personally I enjoyed the book because all of the surprising events really kept me interesting. Out of the two novels I read; Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice was my favorite.

9. Personal review(Sense and Sensibility) • Just like Pride and Prejudice this novel deals with heartbreak and irony. Unlike Pride and Prejudice when Jane Austen focuses on class society, here in Sense and Sensibility she focuses on sense and sensibility. I say that because Elinor believes that every should be arranged to marry someone who is in your class and has a great deal of money. Then we have Marianne who believes that love is something that is real and should be found on its own. • There is more irony in this novel than the other. One example is the age of Colonel Brandon and how Marianne thinks his age wouldn’t make a relationship for them compatible but in the end their the two marrying each other. • Also dealing with Marianne and Colonel Brandon. She kind of drew her eyes away from him because of Willoughby, this charming man that she thinks she will spend the rest of her life with but he wasn’t who Marianne or anyone else thought he would be. • Personally for me out of the two novels I read I didn’t enjoy this one as much as Pride and Prejudice because where you come from and how much money you have in your pocket or where your parents work, that stuff really does effect a lot and especially changes peoples point of view on things.

10. Web quest • http://departments.kings.edu/womens_history/jausten.html • What century did Jane Austen live in? • In what year did the Austen family move to Bath? • Who owned the house in Chawton, Hampshire that the Austen family stayed in? • Did Jane Austen ever marry? • How many books did Jane Austen write? • http://www.litcharts.com/lit/prideandprejudice/backgroundinfo • What type of genre is Pride and Prejudice? • What town did Jane Austen grow up in? • What’s the climax in Pride and Prejudice? • What point of view is used in Pride and Prejudice? • What are Jane Austen’s novels famous for? • http://www.gradesaver.com/sense-and-sensibility/study-guide/about/ • Who financed the printing of Sense and Sensibility? • How many volumes is Sense and Sensibility in? • Who convinced Austen to publish her novels? • What was Sense and Sensibility’s original name? • How do readers and critics feel about Jane’s novel Sense and Sensibility?

11. Web quest • http://www.jasa.net.au/inperspective/times.htm • Who was England at war with? • Who else was born in the same year as Jane? • (click on “what was she like” tab) Who was Jane’s nephew? • What novel was collected and edited by Deirdre Le Faye? • Who is the Master of Balliol? • http://ddata.over-blog.com/xxxyyy/0/43/50/45/hot-pot/Jane-Austen/Jane-A-historical-context.html • Where did Pride and Prejudice take place in? • What is the Regency period called? • In 1815, what wars were being fought in England? • What do critics find odd? • What did Jane Austen’s novels reflect?

12. Web quest answers http://www.gradesaver.com/sense-and-sensibility/study-guide/about/ Who financed the printing of Sense and Sensibility? Jane Austen herself How many volumes is Sense and Sensibility in? 3 Who convinced Austen to publish her novels? Her brother Henry and sister Cassandra What was Sense and Sensibility’s original name? A Lady How do readers and critics feel about Jane’s novel Sense and Sensibility? Do not consider Sense and Sensibility to be Austen's best work. • http://departments.kings.edu/womens_history/jausten.html • What century did Jane Austen live in? 18th • In what year did the Austen family move to Bath? 1801 • Who owned the house in Chawton, Hampshire that the Austen family stayed in? Jane’s brother Edward • Did Jane Austen ever marry? No • How many books did Jane Austen write? 6 • http://www.litcharts.com/lit/prideandprejudice/backgroundinfo • What type of genre is Pride and Prejudice? Novel of manners • What town did Jane Austen grow up in? Steventon • What’s the climax in Pride and Prejudice? The search for Lydia and Wickham • What point of view is used in Pride and Prejudice? Third person omniscient • What are Jane Austen’s novels famous for? The way they seem to exist in a small, self-contained universe.

13. Web quest answers continued • http://www.jasa.net.au/inperspective/times.htm • Who was England at war with? France • Who else was born in the same year as Jane? Turner • (click on “what was she like” tab) Who was Jane’s nephew? James Austen-Leigh • What novel was collected and edited by Deirdre Le Faye? Jane Austen’s Letters • Who is the Master of Balliol? Her mother’s uncle Theophilus • http://ddata.over-blog.com/xxxyyy/0/43/50/45/hot-pot/Jane-Austen/Jane-A-historical-context.html • Where did Pride and Prejudice take place in? England • What is the Regency period called? Age of elegance • In 1815, what wars were being fought in England? Napoleonic Wars • What do critics find odd? Jane Austen’s novels almost totally exclude these important events, for she would certainly have been aware of them. Jane Austen’s novels almost totally exclude these important events, for she would certainly have been aware of them. • What did Jane Austen’s novels reflect? The self-centered view of the well-to-do classes.

14. Works cited • Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. New York: Dover, 1995. Print • Austen, Jane. Sense and Sensibility. New York: Dover, 1996. Print • “Conflict” Dictionary.com, 2011. Web. 3 May. 2011 http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/conflict?s=t • “Irony” Dicitonary.com, 2011. Web. 3 May. 2011http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/irony?s=t • “Symbolism” Dictionary.com, 2011. Web. 3 May. 2011 http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/symbolism?s=t • “Theme” Dictionary.com, 2011. Web. 3 May. 2011 http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/theme?s=t