S tate-of-the-Art Analysis of climate change and energy strategies in selected SEE countries

1. State-of-the-Art Analysis of climate change and energy strategies in selected SEE countries DI Dr. Hannes SCHWAIGERJOANNEUM RESEARCH ForschungsgesellschaftmbHGraz, May 24th 2013

2. Content Work package 3.2 • Overview of national existing GHG emissions, future trends and planed measures in SEE countries • Overview of existing SEE country low carbon strategies  Austria  FYROM (Macedonia) • Albania Montenergo  Serbia

3. Austria

4. National strategies • • Annual GHG emissions •  Around 85 Mio.t (2012) most in the energy, industry sector • The Austrian Climate Mitigation Act •  Coordinative plan to reduce GHG emissions via sectoral allocation, measures are allocated to the states, still negotiations among ministriesand between ministries and states • •The Austrian Energy Strategy •  Measures targeted a more sustainable und independent energy system fulfilling also the EU 2020 targets (34% RES) • • Renewable Electricity Law (Ökostromgesetz) • Measures to enlarge the existing Austrian electricity generation via RES until 2020 • NREAP, NEEAP

5. Regional strategies • • Regional climate change policies: • Styria: “Styrian Climate Change Mitigation Plan” • Vienna: “Climate Protection Programme (KLiPI+II)” • Carinthia: Institute for Climate Protection - KIKS, energy concept • Salzburg: Report on CC mitigation options, energy strategy • Upper Austria: Report on CC mitigation options, “Energy Future 2030” programme • Lower Austria: Climate Programme 2009-2012 • Tyrol: CC Mitigation Strategy, Tyrolean Energy Strategy 2020 • Burgenland: Development Strategy 2020 • Vorarlberg: Action plan towards an energy autarchy by 2020

6. Albania

7. National strategies • • Annual GHG emissions •  7.6 Mio t of GHG emissions (energy 44% agriculture 27%,LULUCF 21%, high growth rates in transport) • National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP) •  adopted 2011, improve energy efficiency in all sectors • •Draft National Action Plan on Renewable Resources (NREAP) •  draft available to be adopted by the Government

8. Specific national strategies • • The National Strategy for Development and Integration (NSDI) 2007-2013 •  Strategy to increase RES up to 38% in 2020, increase energy savings from 3 to 9% in 2018, reduce GHG emissions by 16% in 2020, reducing HCFCS from 120 to 29 tons in 2040 • • National Energy Strategy •  adopted 2003, defines changes to increase energy security and optimize energy resources • The Environmental Cross-cutting Strategy 2007-2013 •  measures to improve energy efficiencies among sectors

9. FYROM(Macedonia)

10. National strategies • • Annual GHG emissions •  Around 14 Mio.t (2000) most from energy, agriculture • Law on Environment (adopted 2007-2011) • National sustainable development strategy, strategy for CDM and the adaptation of the health sector on CC and the National Environmental Investment Strategy, goal: GHG reduction of 30% • National Energy Strategies (not adopted) • Strategy for Energy Development in the Republic of Macedonia by 2020, for utilization of renewable energy sources and for energy efficiency promotion by 2020 • National Industry Policy

11. Specific national strategies • • 3rd National Communication to the UNFCCC • Projects: •  Roadmap for introduction of Monitoring Reporting and Verification of GHG emissions under EU-ETS in Republic of Macedonia •  Macedonian Green Growth and Climate Change Analytic and Advisory Support Program •  EnhancingCapacity for LowEmission Development Strategies (LEDS)

12. Montenegro

13. National strategies • • Annual GHG emissions: •  4.5 Mio t incl. LULUCF (2003), energyandindustry • Draft Energy Development Strategy of Montenegro by 2030 •  reduce electricity import dependency, complete the reconstruction and revitalisationof existing power plants, build two new thermal power plants, but also small HPPs and other renewables • •National Strategy for Management of Air Quality •  also cover GHGs • •National Strategy for Sustainable Development (2007), •  some general goals and directions for action in the field of climatechange

14. Serbia

15. National strategies • AnnualGHG reduction •  around 90 Mio.t (2010), most in industry and agriculture • Indicative GHG target under CopenhagenAccord • «envisagespossibility for emissionlimitation from 18% to 29% until 2020 compared by emissions in 1990 under the business asusualscenario». • First National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP) • by 2018: -9% reduction of the finaldomesticenergyconsumption, adopted in July 2010 • Serbian NREAP  publishedthisyear

16. National strategies • • No comprehensive Climate strategy, but •  Some sectorspecificlaws, suchas on energy, waste and air, are contributingto climatechangemitigation •  Policy on forestryincludescertainadaptationmeasures. • SustainableDevelopment Strategy (adopted in 2008) and the National EnvironmentalProtectionProgramme (2010) •  Treatthe climatechangeproblemasbeingveryimportant.

17. Overview

18. Conclusions • Most of the West Balkan Countries have no GHG targets (Non-Annex 1 countries) • West Balkan Countries advanced regarding development of energy strategies  partly driven by the Energy Community Treaty • Most of the West Balkan Countries (exp. Slo and Cro) have no comprehensive Climate Strategies yet  including e.g. transport, waste, adaptation…)

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