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Colonial Society on the Eve of the Revolution

~ 1700 – 1775 ~. Colonial Society on the Eve of the Revolution . Chapter 5. By: Melissa Oguamanam. Conquest by the Cradle . By 1775… 32 British colonies in North America Population: 2.5 million people 90% of them live in rural lands Mostly on east coast Average age: 16 years old.

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Colonial Society on the Eve of the Revolution

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  1. ~ 1700 – 1775 ~ Colonial Society on the Eve of the Revolution Chapter 5 By: Melissa Oguamanam

  2. Conquest by the Cradle By 1775… • 32 British colonies in North America • Population: 2.5 million people • 90% of them live in rural lands • Mostly on east coast • Average age: 16 years old

  3. A Mingling of the Races • America was made up of many races • Main Groups • German • 6 % of population (150,000 people) • Lutheran (Pennsylvania Dutch) • Scots-Irish • 7% of population (175,000 people) • Other European groups • French, Welsh, Dutch, Swedes, Jews, & Swiss

  4. The Structure of the Colonial Society • Hard work = rags to riches • Power was in hands of clergyman, lawyers, and farmers • Rich farmers in South owned many slaves • Slaves were positioned behind indentured servants and criminals in social ranking

  5. Clerics, Physicians, and Jurists • Clergy – most honored profession • Physicians – least honored profession • Cured most patients by letting them bleed • Lawyers gained high status • Plagues • 1/5 people affected by smallpox • Some did not want to mess with God’s Will

  6. Workaday America • Largest Industry: Agriculture • Staple Crops • Maryland and Virginia: Tobacco • New York: Flour • New England depended heavily on fishing • Smallest Industry: Manufacturing

  7. Triangular Trade • New England boat with rum goes to -> • Africa & trades it for slaves -> • Slaves traded for molasses in West Indies -> • Molasses traded for rum in New England

  8. Triangular Trade

  9. Molasses Act • Passed by Parliament in 1733 • Prohibited American trade with French West Indies • Americans smuggled to get what they needed

  10. Horsepower and Sail power • Roads were horrible • Families signed wills before trips • Towns built around slow moving rivers • Inter-colonial postal system created • Travelers went to bars and taverns for entertainment

  11. Anglican Church of England Religion in Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Carolinas, and some of New York Had shorter masses and allowed more freedom Congressional Based on Puritan beliefs Religion in New England colonies except Rhode Island Wanted followers to be more devout to church Dominant Denominations

  12. The Great Awakening • Jonathan Edwards – Preached members to tears with passionate sermons on salvation • George Whitefield – a stronger preacher than Edwards • Orthodox clergyman scorned the new preachers for their emotional style

  13. Schools and Colleges • Education was highly regarded in New England • Schools focused on the humanities such as religion, literature, and classical languages • Farming was more important in the South than schooling

  14. Culture – Art and Architecture • Free time dealt with church • Art was not encouraged • Artists: • John Trumbull • Charles Peale – George Washington portraits • Benjamin West • John Copley • Architecture: • Swedish log cabins • Georgian red brick houses

  15. Phillis Wheatley Former slave Moved to England Wrote book of poems Exposed power of Alexander Pope Ben Franklin Wrote Poor Richard’s Almanac Had famous proverbs Popular both in Europe and America Experimented with science Culture - Literature

  16. Pioneer Presses • Libraries were scarce • The creation of journals & pamphlets arose as the revolution grew near • John Peter Zenger accused of seditious libel • Freedom of Press promised after this case

  17. The Great Game of Politics • Royal governors in 8 colonies • Proprietor governors in 3 colonies • Two house legislative body • Upper house: Proprietors appoint them • Lower house: People elect them • Taxation with representation – privilege • Suffrage belonged to whites who owned land

  18. Makers of America: The Scots-Irish • Scots suffered in Britain • Poor • Taxed by British • Moved to America • Mostly lived in Pennsylvania (open-minded) • Bonded together by religion • Highly supported Revolution from their hatred of Britain

  19. Colonial Folkways • Early sufferings in America • Homes had no plumbing • Homes had no running water • Churches had no heat • Garbage removed had not been advanced

  20. What they did for fun • Playing cards • Hunting fox • Racing horses • Theatre • Quilting

  21. The End

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