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The Macroalgae Digitization Project

The Macroalgae Digitization Project. Advancing online algal collections at the New York Botanical Garden and beyond. Stephen D. Gottschalk, Naveed Davoodian, Sarah N. Dutton, Juli A. Janis, Beryl C. M. Kahn, Theodore D. Kirkinis , Eli Min, Jonathan W. Toll, and Kenneth G. Karol.

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The Macroalgae Digitization Project

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  1. The Macroalgae Digitization Project Advancing online algal collections at the New York Botanical Garden and beyond Stephen D. Gottschalk, Naveed Davoodian, Sarah N. Dutton, Juli A. Janis, Beryl C. M. Kahn, Theodore D. Kirkinis, Eli Min, Jonathan W. Toll, and Kenneth G. Karol

  2. The Macroalgal Consortium 49 participating institutions, 25 states, 1 U.S. territory Map courtesy of Christopher Neefus, 2014.

  3. Primary Digitization Centers New York Botanical Garden University of California University of Michigan University of New Hampshire University of North Carolina University of Washington

  4. Digitizing Institutions

  5. Contributing Institutions

  6. Scope • More than 1.1 million specimens. • Collections dating back 200 years. • All major algal groups: • Red Algae • Green Algae • Brown Algae

  7. Digitization will consist of . . . A speciman image

  8. Digitization will consist of . . . A label transcription No. 60-11-21-1 In c. 4” of water, pool c. 100 ft. E of bridge, Warrill River, c. 44.7 mi. N of Warwick, Queensland, Australia. Coll.: R. D. Wood Nov. /21/1960

  9. Digitization will consist of . . . A taxon determination CharaconnivensP. Salzmann ex A. Braun

  10. Digitization will consist of . . . A georeferenced point

  11. www.macroalgae.org

  12. Workflow Summary Specimen Curation Duplicate Record Matching (exsiccati) Georeferencing Skeletal Records barcode scientific name Specimen Database Skeletal records Images Complete data OCR Manual Data Entry In-house or crowd sourcing OCR Text barcode.txt Specimen Imaging barcode.jpg

  13. Workflow Summary Specimen Curation Duplicate Record Matching (exsiccati) Georeferencing Skeletal Records barcode scientific name Specimen Database Skeletal records Images Complete data OCR Manual Data Entry In-house or crowd sourcing OCR Text barcode.txt Specimen Imaging barcode.jpg

  14. Workflow Summary Specimen Curation Duplicate Record Matching (exsiccati) Georeferencing Skeletal Records barcode scientific name Specimen Database Skeletal records Images Complete data OCR Manual Data Entry In-house or crowd sourcing OCR Text barcode.txt Specimen Imaging barcode.jpg

  15. Workflow Summary Specimen Curation Duplicate Record Matching (exsiccati) Georeferencing Skeletal Records barcode scientific name Specimen Database Skeletal records Images Complete data OCR Manual Data Entry In-house or crowd sourcing OCR Text barcode.txt Specimen Imaging barcode.jpg

  16. Workflow Summary Specimen Curation Duplicate Record Matching (exsiccati) Duplicate Record Matchng Georeferencing Skeletal Records barcode scientific name Specimen Database Skeletal records Images Complete data OCR Manual Data Entry In-house or crowd sourcing OCR Text barcode.txt Specimen Imaging barcode.jpg

  17. Workflow Summary Specimen Curation Duplicate Record Matching (exsiccati) Georeferencing Skeletal Records barcode scientific name Specimen Database Skeletal records Images Complete data OCR Manual Data Entry In-house or crowd sourcing OCR Text barcode.txt Specimen Imaging barcode.jpg

  18. Workflow Summary Specimen Curation Duplicate Record Matching (exsiccati) Georeferencing Skeletal Records barcode scientific name Specimen Database Skeletal records Images Complete data OCR Manual Data Entry In-house or crowd sourcing OCR Text barcode.txt Specimen Imaging barcode.jpg

  19. Specimen Curation Previous curator Marshall A. Howe - died in 1936!

  20. Specimen Curation Many specimens mounted 50 – 100 years ago. Paper frequently not acid free.

  21. Specimen Curation Specimens poorly situated for digitization (information on the backs of specimens). Multiple specimens and/or taxa per sheet.

  22. Rapid Data & Image Capture • Generate skeletal database records • Barcode • Scientific name (as filed) • Photograph every specimen

  23. NYBG Herbarium Snapshot  Number of digital records           Algal class  = Barcoded groups

  24. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and Cataloging Records to be pre-sorted by OCR and cataloged in groups of similar label types.

  25. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and Cataloging Compiled from 3,000 lines of raw OCR from Charles Wright’s labels.

  26. Cataloging The Macroalgae Portal using Symbiota.

  27. Cataloging The Macroalgae Portal using Symbiota. www.macroalgae.org

  28. Cataloging The Macroalgae Portal using Symbiota. www.macroalgae.org

  29. Cataloging The Macroalgae Portal using Symbiota. www.macroalgae.org

  30. Georeferencing Courtesy of Christopher Neefus, 2014.

  31. Algae Collections at the New York Botanical Gardens An estimated 150,000 algal specimens. • Notable collectors: • Timothy F. Allen • Frank S. Collins • Marshall A. Howe • Nicolas Pike • Josephine Tilden • Richard D. Wood • Notable collections: • Charophytes • Coralline reds

  32. Impacts on the NYBG collections • Improved state of the NYBG collection • Better access to specimens. • A more comprehensive type collection. • Currently numbers more than 2,900. • More than 150 types added since start of project. • Improved digitization workflows.

  33. NYBG Herbarium loans in the last 10 years

  34. Broader Impacts Facilitate further research in the following areas: • Bioinvasions • Sleith, R. S. & K. G. Karol. The invasive macro alga Nitellopsisobtusain New York State. Salve Regina University. Northeast Algal Society Symposium. Newport, RI. 25-27 April 2014. • Climate Change • Bartsch, I. & R. Kuhlenkamp. 2000. The marine macroalgae of Helgoland (North Sea): an annotated list of records between 1845 and 1999. Helgol Mar Res 54: 160-189. • Human Impact • Littler, M. M. & S. N. Murray. 1975. Impact of sewage on the distribution, abundance and community structure of rocky intertidal macro-organisms. Mar Biol 30: 277-291.

  35. Additional Information • www.macroalgae.org • http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/VirtualHerbarium.asp Thank you!

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