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Lincoln’s Election, The Secession Crisis, and the Onset of Military Conflict

Lincoln’s Election, The Secession Crisis, and the Onset of Military Conflict. HIST414: American Civil War Dr. Kristen Epps Spring 2014. Today’s Questions. What was the significance of the Election of 1860? Why did Southern states choose to secede?

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Lincoln’s Election, The Secession Crisis, and the Onset of Military Conflict

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  1. Lincoln’s Election, The Secession Crisis, and the Onset of Military Conflict HIST414: American Civil War Dr. Kristen Epps Spring 2014

  2. Today’s Questions What was the significance of the Election of 1860? Why did Southern states choose to secede? What was the first military conflict of the war?

  3. Abraham LincolnRepublican Presidential Nominee in 1860

  4. Presidential Election of 1860

  5. James BuchananPresident (D) from 1857-1861

  6. John CrittendenUnionist Senator from Kentucky

  7. New York Times, February 6, 1861 “We have already more than once expressed our opinion, that the first duty of men of all parties, Democrats and Republicans,--is to lay aside all their political differences and rally to the support of the Constitution and the Union…. The Democrats, however, do not take this view of the subject. Their Conventions, their leaders, their public journals, while proclaiming their devotion to the Union, evade all responsibility for its preservation,--ignore utterly the plain, universal duty of loyalty to it, and demand that the Republicans shall preserve it in a specific manner,--namely, by compromising the questions at issue.”

  8. Dates of Secession • December 20, 1860: South Carolina secedes • January 9, 1861: Mississippi secedes • January 10, 1861: Florida secedes • January 11, 1861: Alabama secedes • January 19, 1861: Georgia secedes • January 26, 1861: LA votes to secede, but adopted a resolution stating that the Mississippi River would stay open • February 1, 1861: Texas secedes

  9. Lincoln’s First Inaugural “We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield, and patriot grave, to every living heart and hearthstone, all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature.”

  10. Map of Charleston Harbor

  11. Ft. Sumter in South Carolina

  12. Recruiting Poster, 1861

  13. Process of Secession, 1861-1862

  14. Summary and Conclusions Lincoln’s election in 1860 was the immediate impetus for secession in the Deep South, and it also signaled a realignment of political parties Southern states were not unanimously secessionist, but their interpretation of the Constitution differed from Northern interpretations The Civil War officially began on April 14, 1861 with the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumter, South Carolina

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