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Tom Jenkins, Professor Department of Animal & Veterinary Sciences

Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis. Tom Jenkins, Professor Department of Animal & Veterinary Sciences. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis 6 Basic Nutrient Classes. Water Protein Carbohydrates Vitamins Minerals Lipids. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Class Objectives.

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Tom Jenkins, Professor Department of Animal & Veterinary Sciences

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  1. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Tom Jenkins, Professor Department of Animal & Veterinary Sciences

  2. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis 6 Basic Nutrient Classes • Water • Protein • Carbohydrates • Vitamins • Minerals • Lipids

  3. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Class Objectives • Define simple and compound lipids and give examples of each. • Describe how feeds are analyzed for lipids. • Describe the difference between fatty acid content and fatty acid composition. • Describe the basic structure of fatty acids and how they are named.

  4. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Lipid Classes • Nonglycerol-based • Waxes, Alkanes • Glycerol-based • Simple – glycerol + fatty acids • Compound – glycerol + fatty acids + other nutrient

  5. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Glycerol – anchor to build lipids H H C OH H C OH H C OH H

  6. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Simple H H C H C H C H

  7. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Simple H H C H C H C H

  8. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Simple H H C H C H C H

  9. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Compound H H C Fatty Acids H C Fatty Acids H C H

  10. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Compound H H C Fatty Acids H C Fatty Acids H C H

  11. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Solvent Extraction

  12. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Compounds Extracted in Fat Test? • Lipids • Nonglycerol-based • Waxes, Alkanes • Glycerol-based • Simple • Compound • Non-lipid • Water • Fat-soluble vitamins • Pigments

  13. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Compounds Extracted in Fat Test? • Lipids • Nonglycerol-based • Waxes, Alkanes • Glycerol-based • Simple • Compound • Non-lipid • Water • Fat-soluble vitamins • Pigments Energy Fatty Acids Tissue Effects Rumen Effects

  14. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Ether Extract vs. Fatty Acids From CPM for Dairy

  15. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Structure of Fatty Acids? H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H

  16. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Classifying Fatty Acids • Number of Carbons • C2 – C5 • C6 – C12 • C14 – C>20 • Number of Double Bonds • 0 – • 1 – • 2 or more – • Position of Double Bonds

  17. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H ω ∝ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H Abbreviation:

  18. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Common Fatty Acids in Feed H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H

  19. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Key Omega Fatty Acids H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H C Name: ω- H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H C Name: ω-

  20. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Key Omega Fatty Acids H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C OH H H H H H H H H H H H C Name: ω- COOH C Name: ω-

  21. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Fatty Acid Content & Composition of Some Feedstuffs PALMQUIST, 1988

  22. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Key Points • Fatty acids are the most important lipid fraction in feeds for animal health & production. • Most feed fat analysis includes fatty acids plus other non-lipid compounds. • Both fatty acid content and fatty acid composition are important. • Wide differences in types of fatty acids and their sources.

  23. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Questions & Answers The Fatty Acid Forum sponsored by

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