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Fundamental Symmetries in Nuclear Physics

The next decade presents NP with a historic opportunity to build on this legacy in developing the “new Standard Model” The value of our contribution will be broadly recognized outside the field.

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Fundamental Symmetries in Nuclear Physics

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  1. The next decade presents NP with a historic opportunity to build on this legacy in developing the “new Standard Model” The value of our contribution will be broadly recognized outside the field Nuclear physics studies of fundamental symmetries played an essential role in developing & confirming the Standard Model Our role has been broadly recognized within and beyond NP Fundamental Symmetries in Nuclear Physics Fifty years of parity-violation in nuclear physics Michael Ramsey-Musolf, Chicago, January, 2007

  2. Community Input • Pre-Town Meeting Caltech Dec. 7-8, 2006 • This Town Meeting • White paper Substantial work by the organizing committee

  3. Electroweak symmetry breaking: Higgs ? Beyond the SM SM symmetry (broken) Fundamental Symmetries & Cosmic History

  4. Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) & light element abundances • Weak interactions in stars & solar burning • Supernovae & neutron stars It utilizes a simple and elegant symmetry principle SU(3)c x SU(2)L x U(1)Y to explain the microphysics of the present universe SM Unfinished Business • Sea quarks & gluons • Weak NN interaction Electroweak probes can provide new insights Standard Model puzzles Standard Model successes Fundamental Symmetries & Cosmic History

  5. Electroweak symmetry breaking: Higgs ? • Supersymmetry ? • New gauge interactions? • Extra dimensions ? Beyond the SM SM symmetry (broken) Fundamental Symmetries & Cosmic History Puzzles the Standard Model can’t solve Origin of matter Unification & gravity Weak scale stability Neutrinos What are the symmetries (forces) of the early universe beyond those of the SM?

  6. Scientific Questions, Achievements & Challenges

  7. Why is there more matter than antimatter in the present universe? EDM, DM, LFV, q13 … • What are the unseen forces that disappeared from view as the universe cooled? Weak decays, PVES, gm-2,… • What are the masses of neutrinos and how have they shaped the evolution of the universe? 0nbb decay, q13, b decay,… • What is the internal landscape of the proton? PVES, hadronic PV, n scattering,… Tribble report Scientific Questions

  8. Scientific Achievements • World’s most precise measurement of (gm-2) Possible first indications of supersymmetry; over 800 citations • Most precise measurement of sin2qW off the Z0 resonance using PV Moller scattering; constrains new physics at the TeV scale (Z’, RPV SUSY…) • Definitive determinations of strange quark contributions to nucleon EM form factors using PV electron-proton & electron-nucleus scattering; confirmed theoretical estimates of hadronic effects in electroweak radiative corrections

  9. Scientific Achievements • Quark-lepton universality tested to 0.05% using superallowed nuclear b-decay, yielding most precise value of any CKM matrix element (Vud) 2006 Bonner Prize in Nuclear Physics recognizing work of Towner & Hardy • Completion of a comprehensive set of computations of supersymmetric effects in low-energy electroweak observables; 2005 Dissertation Award in Nuclear Physics to A. Kurylov • Reduction in the theoretical hadronic uncertainty in extraction of Vud from neutron and nuclear b-decay

  10. Scientific Achievements • Development of a EFT treatments of parity violation in the nucleon-nucleon interaction that will guide the future experimental program at the SNS and NIST • Substantial technical developments opening the way for searches for the permanent EDMs of the neutron, neutral atoms, deuteron and electron with 2-4 orders of magnitude greater sensitivity

  11. Technological Achievements & Investments Fundamental Neutron Physics Beamline at SNS 1.4 MW , 1 GeV H- beam on L Hg Also new capabilities at LANSCE, NIST… Muon storage ring at BNL ISAAC, RIAcino…. CEBAF 12 GeV Up-grade

  12. Two frontiers in the search for new physics Collider experiments (pp, e+e-, etc) at higher energies (E >> MZ) Indirect searches at lower energies (E < MZ) but high precision Large Hadron Collider Ultra cold neutrons CERN Particle, nuclear & atomic physics High energy physics Challenges: What role can low energy studies play in the LHC era ?

  13. Scientific Opportunities The Origin of MatterNew Forces in the Early Universe Electroweak Probes of QCD

  14. “Known Unknowns” Cosmic Energy Budget Electroweak symmetry breaking: Higgs ? Weak scale baryogenesis can be tested experimentally Nuclear Science mission: explain the origin, evolution, & structure of the baryonic component Beyond the SM SM symmetry (broken) The Origin of Matter & Energy Baryogenesis: When? CPV? SUSY? Neutrinos? WIMPy D.M.: Related to baryogenesis? “New gravity”? Lorentz violation? Grav baryogen ? ?

  15. Weak Scale Baryogenesis • B violation • C & CP violation • Nonequilibrium dynamics Topological transitions Broken phase 1st order phase transition Sakharov, 1967 • Is it viable? • Can experiment constrain it? • How reliably can we compute it? Baryogenesis: New Electroweak Physics 90’s: Cohen, Kaplan, NelsonJoyce, Prokopec, Turok Unbroken phase CP Violation

  16. Yale, Indiana, Amherst ANL, Princeton, TRIUMF… SNS, ILL, PSI CKM fdSM dexp dfuture BNL Also 225Ra, 129Xe, d If new EWK CP violation is responsible for abundance of matter, will these experiments see an EDM? EDM Probes of New CP Violation

  17. dn similar Theory progress & challenge: refined computations of baryon asymmetry & EDMs baryogenesis LHC reach LHC reach ILC reach LEP II excl Present de Present de Present de Prospective de Prospective de Prospective de Baryogenesis: EDMs & Colliders

  18. No signal in SuperK detector Assuming Wc ~ WCDM baryogenesis Ice Cube Future Cirigliano, Profumo, R-M Dark Matter & Baryogenesis: Solar ns Gravitational capture in sun followed by annihilation into high energy neutrinos

  19. Electroweak symmetry breaking: Higgs ? ? Beyond the SM SM symmetry (broken) Precision Probes of New Symmetries New Symmetries Origin of Matter Unification & gravity Weak scale stability Neutrinos

  20. Probing Fundamental Symmetries beyond the SM: Use precision low-energy measurements to probe virtual effects of new symmetries & compare with collider results • Precision measurements predicted a range for mt before top quark discovery • mt >> mb ! • mt is consistent with that range • It didn’t have to be that way Radiative corrections Direct Measurements Stunning SM Success Precision Electroweak Measurements and Collider Searches are Complementary J. Ellison, UCI

  21. b-decay SM theory input Recent Marciano & Sirlin Weak decays

  22. CKM Summary: PDG04 UCNA

  23. Vus & Vud theory ? New 0+ info ? CKM Summary: New Vus & tn ? New tn !! UCNA

  24. Correlations SUSY models Vud from neutron decay: LANSCE, SNS, NIST Similarly unique probes of new physics in muon and pion decay CKM, (g-2)m, MW, Mt Non (V-A) x (V-A) interactions: me/E SUSY SNS, NIST, LANSCE, RIA? Weak decays & new physics

  25. JLab Future SLAC Moller Z0 pole tension Parity-violating electron scattering Scale-dependence of Weak Mixing Weak Mixing in the Standard Model

  26. RPV: No SUSY DM Majorana n s SUSY Loops d QWP, SUSY / QWP, SM d QWe, SUSY / QWe, SM gm-2 12 GeV 6 GeV E158 Probing SUSY with PV Electron Scattering

  27. p g Z m m Had VP Had LbL QED Weak SUSY Loops SM Loops Future goal Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment

  28. Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) & light element abundances • Weak interactions in stars & solar burning • Supernovae & neutron stars It utilizes a simple and elegant symmetry principle SU(3)c x SU(2)L x U(1)Y to explain the microphysics of the present universe SM Unfinished Business • Sea quarks & gluons • Weak NN interaction Electroweak probes can provide new insights Standard Model puzzles Standard Model successes Fundamental Symmetries & Cosmic History

  29. Higher Twist: qq and qqg correlations e- e- * Z* X N Charge sym in pdfs 12 GeV 6 GeV d(x)/u(x): large x Electroweak test: e-q couplings & sin2qW Deep Inelastic PV: Beyond the Parton Model & SM

  30. Effective Field Theory • Model Independent (7 LECs) • Few-body systems (SNS, NIST…) • QCD: weak qq interactions in strong int environment • Weak Int in nuclei (0nbb decay) Long range: p-exchange? T=0 force T=1 force Parity-Violating NN Interaction

  31. Support university rsch (exp’t & th’y) • EDMs ! • Magnets for SNS • Electroweak program at JLab (6 & 12 GeV) • Muon g-2 • Cross disciplines: DM & LFV Let’s continue the legacy ! Fundamental Symmetries in Nuclear Physics: Opportunities for Great Impact Fifty years of parity-violation in nuclear physics

  32. Back Matter

  33. /Caltech Greene Geoff Oak Ridge Nationa Lab/U. Tennessee Organizing Committee Symmetries Subcommittee Neutrino Subcommittee

  34. Participants Group A: ~ 28 Group B: ~ 13 Group C: ~ 27 TOTAL: ~ 45

  35. Working Groups Group A:Precision Studies of Standard Model Electroweak Processes Bill Marciano* Dave Hertzog (weak decays, PVES, gm-2,…) Brad Filippone Group B:Electroweak Probes of Hadron and Nuclear Structure Geoff Greene* Barry Holstein (PVES, hadronic PV,…) Group C: Rare and Forbidden Processes Allena Opper* Paul Huffman (EDM, LFV, dark matter,…) Other: Dark Matter (joint with Neutrinos) Spencer Klein George Fuller (in Chicago)

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