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Responding to Emergencies: Trends and Challenges

Explore the evolving landscape of emergencies like terrorism, natural disasters, and pandemics with a focus on infrastructure, forensic science, and global impacts. Discover insights on identification, terrorism, and global warming's role in modern emergencies.

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Responding to Emergencies: Trends and Challenges

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  1. Terrorist, Hurricanes, and Viruses, What’s next? Tampa, Florida March 12th, 2006 James G. Young, M.D. Special Advisor to the Deputy Minister Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada

  2. Will we face emergencies? • Aging and interconnected infrastructure • Terrorism • Natural emergencies and global warming • Political deaths • Emerging diseases and pandemics

  3. Trends In Emergencies • More frequent • Bigger • International in scope • Complex

  4. Aging and Interconnected Infrastructure

  5. Blackout 2003

  6. Blackout Facts • August 14, 2004, 4:00 pm • 50 million people • 61,800 megawatts of load • OHIO, Michigan, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey, Ontario • Northern portion of eastern grid • 10% of total grid

  7. The Causes • Inadequate situational awareness at First Energy • Training inadequate • Procedures inadequate • Equipment needs • Inadequate tree timing • Sagging wires because of heat • Inadequate diagnostic support along system

  8. Roles of Forensics and Policing • Assess cyber risk • Investigate physical damage • Public safety and security

  9. Terrorism • Cyber • Bombs • Biological • Chemical

  10. Land Area 1,919,443 square kilometers Population: 211 million 4th Largest in the World Muslims 90% Largest Muslim Country in World (India 2nd) GNP per Head $690 U.S. GNP Growth 2% (77 - 2001); (33 in 2001) Indonesia

  11. Jemaaj Islamiah • Aim Muslim axis – Indonesia, Malaysia, South Philippines • Links Al Qaeda • Arrest Abu Bakar Bashir • Declaration as terrorist organization

  12. Countries Involved

  13. Role of foreign countries • Scientific Expertise • Investigative Expertise • Organizational Structure and Support (e.g. computers) • Medical Aid

  14. Guerillas Fighters VersusTerrorists • Guerillas Fighters want to occupy Territory • Terrorists want to occupy Thinking

  15. Some Roles of Forensic Science in Terrorism • Who died? • Who did it? • What caused it? • How was it done?

  16. Multidisciplinary Approach To Terrorism • Shoe Bomber – Richard Reid • Analysis of Bomb • Multi-agency Re-creation • Mitochondria Hair Analysis

  17. Anthrax- Role of Science • Identify agent • Advise re decontamination • Techniques to open letters • Information re anthrax made • When anthrax made • Characteristics of anthrax • Analysis of other evidence • e.g. tape, ink, fibers, DNA, copying

  18. Immediate Effects in Ontario • Public safety • Operate government • Air space • Border problems • Economic consequences

  19. The Death Toll

  20. 9-11 Identification • > 50% • Recognition • Dental • Fingerprints • DNA • Heat • Decomposition • Volume

  21. Natural Emergencies and Global Warming

  22. Tsunamis Devastate Asia December 26, 2004

  23. Who Died? • Original numbers • Checking the numbers • Remembering to report back • Duplication • spelling • reports by relatives • countries • Individuals not reporting

  24. Identifying Bodies • 30 countries plus Thailand • Countries in support Thailand • All bodies managed same way • Agreeing on a protocol • Get message to all levels

  25. Establishing Identity • Post mortem • Ante mortem • Reconciliation process

  26. Ante Mortem • When should we begin? • All countries collect, process DNA • standard computer program • RCMP Vancouver collect, enter

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